從消費者保護法第17條之規定論法律保留原則-----以履約保證為中心

Abstract

論文摘要 中央主管機關所公告之履約保證係來自於消費者保護法第十七條第一項規定之應記載事項之授權，此應記載事項應認係屬法規命令，乃以其已對外發生法律效果，但履約保證本質上已侵害人民權利並與基本權實現有關的事項，因之，本論文將討論履約保證所涉及之法律保留理論之意義、範圍及基礎等，另外，由於法律保留本身目前並無相關法律作明確之槪念規定，因此，會同時對歷來大法官會議解釋對法律保留原則的看法作一系統性之歸納整理。 另外，履約保證在我國規範情形，亦將從之前曾經施行過但已經廢止之「商品禮券管理辦法」到現行之消保法第十七條各種履約保證制度詳予分析並兼及目前殯葬管理條例之相關規定，分別敘述。至於外國則將對日本之預付式證票規制法及美國之未請求財產法加以說明，此外為求周延對於加拿大及以色列之相關法制亦一併介紹之。最後再針對我國消保法之適用情形作一探討並提出制定法律案建議。 關鍵字：履約保證、授權明確性、法規命令、法律保留原則、依法行政

Abstract Not every freedom and right is protected in the same way in the Constitution. The physical freedom of the people is stipulated in detail in Article 8 of the Constitution, in which those rights reserved in the Constitution shall not be limited even by the legislative authority, whereas freedom and rights under Articles 7,9-18,21 and 22 may be limited by the law upon meeting the conditions stipulated in Article 23 of the Constitution. The determination of which freedom or right shall be regulated by law or by rules authorized by the law shall depend on regulated intensity. Whether the Completed Performance Warranty authorized by the Consumer Protection Law article 17 has violated Vorbehalt des Gesetzes, or it should be delegated clearly by the legislative authority has been a significant dispute in recent years. And this will be the topic in this thesis. Key words: nondelegation doctrine , delegated orders, the principle of “Vorbehalt des Gesetzes” , Completed Performance Warranty , rule of law