PPGIS與地方發展─美濃黃蝶翠谷發展願景的形塑

Abstract

以往地理資訊系統 (Geographic Information System, GIS) 以專家主導的決策模式，忽略了在地居民對於地方發展的需求。PPGIS (Public Participation Geographic Information System, 公眾參與式地理資訊系統) 是地理資訊系統和公眾參與結合的方法，具備GIS完善的空間處理及展現能力，同時兼顧公眾參與精神，很適合應用在地方發展議題。本文以美濃黃蝶翠谷為研究區，探討PPGIS於地方發展的影響，首先進行權益關係人(Stakeholders) 分析，辨認黃蝶翠谷的權益關係人，評估其對黃蝶翠谷的重要性與影響力之後，再集合權益關係人舉行階段式PPGIS會議；會議中PPGIS扮演公眾參與的平台，提供討論的資訊、空間展示與課題分析的功能，協助建構符合權益關係人及黃蝶翠谷需求之地方發展願景。研究結果包括：辨識黃蝶翠谷的權益關係人、產出黃蝶翠谷分區利用方式圖及形塑發展願景；研究結果也發現，PPGIS過程中，權益關係人受到不同面向與程度的賦權 (empowerment)，參與程度不斷發生變化，確實能夠有效促進公眾參與，達到公共事務決策的合理性與正當性 (legitimacy)；同時，GIS提供了一個溝通平台，使得資訊能有效的表達與傳遞，進而誘發參與者的思維，促進意見的溝通，達到公共事務決策的共識性 (consensus)。

Expert-driven GIS (geographic information system) has long been criticized as ignorance of local requirement. PPGIS (public participation GIS) is a method that integrates GIS technique and participatory methodology. This thesis explores the applicability and effectiveness of PPGIS on local development issue with the study area on the Meinong Yellow Butterfly Valley. A stakeholder analysis was employed to identify all involved stakeholders. A couple of PPGIS workshops were held to discuss land use zoning in the valley for future development. The results show that stakeholders were empowered in the PPGIS processes in different perspectives. In consequence, the encouragement of participation in all dimensions was improved and the legitimacy of decision-making was achieved. The results also show the applicability of PPGIS in public decision-making in terms of GIS functionalities such as the effectiveness of data representation, the immediacy of data gathering and presentation and the incentive of participants’ opinions.