資訊可獲性對圖書資訊學博碩士論文引用文獻影響之研究

Abstract

網際網路的發展對資訊使用帶來深遠的影響，資訊可獲性隨著網路興起而提升，使用者可以透過更多元的管道、更即時地取得所需的資源。許多研究提及資訊可獲性對大學師生之重要；且隨著電子資源的增加，學術引用中亦出現網路引用，也有學者開始探究網路興起前後引用型態之改變，並指出應透過量化與質化的研究方法，進一步了解引用型態之改變情形。本研究旨在探討資訊可獲性對研究生引用文獻之意義，了解網路興起前後圖書資訊學領域研究生引用文獻特性之變化情形，並掌握研究生網路引用之特性及其網路引用之考量。 本研究藉由引文分析及館藏查核法，同時搭配深度訪談法，探討資訊可獲性及網際網路對研究生引用文獻之影響，由於1997年為網路興起之年代，本研究針對其前後十年（民國七十六至九十五學年度）臺灣大學圖書資訊學研究所246篇博碩士論文進行分層系統抽樣，抽出81篇樣本論文，同時納入近兩學年度館藏查核之22篇論文，共計103篇論文，對此11,425筆引用文獻進行引文分析；另一方面，針對九十四及九十五學年度之33篇論文進行館藏查核，從中徵求17位自願受訪者進行深度訪談。 研究結果顯示：（一）研究生引用文獻之來源管道以網際網路、個人收藏、有地緣關係的圖書館及人際管道為優先。其中，個人收藏以課程或業務資料為主；人際管道以指導教授及同學為主。（二）資訊可獲性與研究生的引用文獻相關，且研究生傾向引用資訊可獲性較高之文獻。研究生偏好透過其所認定較方便之管道取得所需的研究資料，並且可能依時間、相關度、階段性等因素決定是否設法取得該文獻。研究生若不確定資源的重要性、不確定可以何種管道取得或認為資源具有可替代性，則可能捨棄該資源。（三）研究生引文特性以近十年之中英文期刊與圖書為主，其中又以英文期刊為主，且近五年之文獻亦較多。（四）網路興起後，研究生引用文獻數量減少、資料類型漸趨多元、引用文獻新穎性提升。其中，引文數量減少及新穎性提升可能與論文主題有關；資料類型多元化及引用文獻新穎性提升可能與網路興起有關。（五）研究生傾向以紙本方式引用來自網際網路的資源，造成低估網路引用之比例。（六）研究生考量網路引用以權威性與學術性為主，通常以機構與出處、作者的任職單位與身份及來源網域判斷網路資源的權威性；以來源網站之屬性、內容完整性、內容及其發表型態判斷其學術性。

The rapid development of the Internet and the growth of electronic resources have exerted great impacts on the ways one obtains and uses information. The prevalence of the Internet has made information more widely available, and users can now have timely access to resources they need in a variety of ways. Researchers have emphasized the importance of information availability. As electronic resources continue to grow at a rapid rate, there have been more web citations in academic works, which leads to changing patterns in citations. Some researchers have investigated how citation patterns have changed from pre- to post-Internet age, and have pointed out that we may acquire a better understanding of citation patterns through different research methods. In light of these concerns, this study has three purposes: 1) to examine the meaning of information availability to graduate students when they cite sources in their works; 2) to compare the citation patterns in LIS theses and dissertations in the pre- and post-Internet age; 3) to analyze the patterns of web citation in theses and dissertations as well as the concerns of graduate students when citing electronic resources. This study includes citation analysis, citation checking and in-depth interviews to explore the influence of information availability on citations in theses and dissertations. The data comes from 246 theses and dissertations in the Department of LIS at National Taiwan University from 1987-88 to 2006-07 academic years. A stratified systematic sampling is employed by selecting 81 sample theses and dissertations from pre-Internet age (1987-88 to 1996-97) and post-Internet age (1997-98 to 2006-07). Meanwhile, 22 theses and dissertations, of which citations were checked, were also included to perform a citation analysis of 11,425 citations from a total of 103 theses and dissertations. In addition, citations of 33 theses and dissertations from the 2005-06 to 2006-07 academic years were checked with the NTU collection. Interviews were conducted with 17 volunteers who graduated within the most recent two academic years. Results of this study indicate that: 1) the Internet, personal collection, nearby libraries, and other informal channels are the preferred sources of information for graduate students when citing information in their thesis or dissertations; 2) graduate students tend to cite the most accessible information; 3) citations of theses and dissertations are mainly from journals and books in Chinese and English published within ten years; 4) in the post-Internet age, the number of citation has declined, the document type has become more diverse, and the currency has enhanced; 5) graduate students tend to cite electronic resources in print format, and thus the research may underestimate the total web citations; 6) graduate students are mainly concerned with the authority and academic credibility when citing information from the Internet.