矽智財(SIP)之產業分析與創新經營模式

Abstract

中 文 摘 要 二十世紀初，半導體產業遵循摩爾定律進行創新典範轉移，產業從舊有的封閉式垂直整合解構為開放式水平分工的生態系統，發展出矽智財供應商、無晶圓廠IC設計公司與晶圓代工廠等新創經營模式。二十一世紀，IC產品設計邁入系統單晶片(System On a Chip, SoC)時代，矽智財產業在既有水平分工生態系統上，構建完整的矽智財價值網絡，縱觀半導體產業演進的歷史軌跡，開放技術創新與開放經營模式將是持續推動未來產業成長的兩大主要動力。 然而，系統單晶片面臨不少的問題與挑戰，包括：縮短上市時間、降低系統整體成本、減少設計失敗風險、矽智財重複使用等。 本論文研究全球前二大的專業矽智財供應商(Pure-play SIP provider)，分析他們在矽智財市場上的差異化經營模式、營運績效與財務表現，從而歸納其關鍵成功因素。 專業矽智財供應商具有資產輕及技術強的特質，有別於半導體產業供應鏈上其他的廠商屬於資金密集或經濟規模之特性。本論文根據開放技術創新及開放經營模式的觀念，進一步分析專業矽智財供應商之經營模式應具備的六項功能。 本研究之目的在探索專業矽智財供應商之永續獲利經營能力，專業矽智財供應商如何運用有限的資源創造最大價值，建立互存共榮的產業生態系統，以及不斷地將開放創新觀念運用到企業內各種層面，包括經營模式、策略、組織、行銷、及財務等方面。本論文之結論與建議可作為相關矽智財公司未來發展之參考及借鏡，並針對未來矽智財產業發展的機會與議題提出建議。

ABSTRACT At the beginning of 20th century, the semiconductor industry followed the Moore’s law to evolve innovation paradigm shift. By reforming from previously closed vertical integration into new opened, horizontal collaboration of the industrial eco-system, new business model emerged including SIP provider, fabless IC design company and foundry. In the 21st century, the trend of IC design moves into SoC (System On a Chip) era. The SIP industry rides on the horizontal collaboration eco-system to build entire SIP value network. The evolution of the historical semiconductor industry has shown that the open innovation and the open business model are two major driving forces for future growth. This research thoroughly discussed and analyzed the current critical issues and challenges encountered by SoC concept, including 1) Time to Market; 2) Total system cost saving; 3) Reduce design risk; and 4) SIP re-usage. Meanwhile, this thesis focuses on two leading SIP providers, ARM and Rambus, and conducts a case-based analysis of business models, operating achievements, finance performances, and the key success factors of pure-play SIP providers. The attribute of pure-play SIP providers, which is asset-light and technology-rich, differ from the rest of semiconductor industrial supply chain with the characteristic of capital intensity and economic scale. This paper employs the framework of open innovation and open business model from SIP providers and further analyze the essential six functions of business model. The purpose of this thesis is to probe the sustainability of business model for pure-play SIP providers. The central business logic of SIP providers is to leverage their limited corporate resources and maximize the IP value, build a critical dependence of win-win eco-system, and utilize unceasingly open innovation idea into enterprise management at different level including business model, strategy, organization, marketing and finance and so on. The conclusion and suggestion of this paper should be able to apply to other SIP providers and provide the leads for future opportunity and direction of SIP industry development.