企業行動學習研究之趨勢分析

Abstract

本研究旨在探討企業行動學習相關研究的發展趨勢，主要研究目的為探討企業行動學習相關研究之生產力分布狀況與分析企業行動學習的研究發展趨勢。首先利用書目計量分析來瞭解文獻作者、期刊、領域、國家的生產力，再以內容分析法針對文獻的摘要進行主題分析，並特別挑選出以我國企業為研究對象的文獻，比較我國與全球在企業行動學習的研究發展上有何差異。資料來源為Web of Science（WOS）與Scopus兩大引文資料庫，年份選定為1995到2014年共二十年，以同樣一組關鍵字在兩個資料庫進行檢索並刪除重複資料後，共針對1585篇文獻進行分析。 研究結果顯示，美國為企業行動學習研究領域生產力最高之國家，而企業行動學習相關研究大多分布於社會與教育類的領域。在研究趨勢的分析上，可將企業行動學習的發展分為低穩定時期（1995-1999年）、緩慢成長期（2000-2003年）、快速成長期（2004-2007年）、高穩定時期（2008-2014年）。主題分布情形則顯示企業行動學習的相關研究著重於探討系統的設計，其中又以流程設計最常被討論與研究。統計結果亦顯示資訊科技應用能力為企業採納行動學習與否最重要的考量因素。此外，企業導入行動學習最大的效用為提升學習效果；影響成效最重要的因素為課程設計。針對我國企業所進行的研究則出現較晚，且文獻數量呈現不穩定的狀態。 根據研究結果，企業行動學習相關研究趨勢的發展受到行動載具的影響。系統設計的相關研究仍持續成長，但目前對實際場域應用成效探討的實證研究數量仍少，可為未來研究主題之參考。

The study aims to investigate the research trend of workplace mobile learning, the purposes of this research are to explore the productivity in workplace mobile learning, and to analyze the research trend in workplace mobile learning. Bibliometric analysis was conducted to describe the state of workplace mobile learning by author, journal, topics and national productivity. And content analysis was employed to discover the related issues and subjects behind the productivity. In addition, local cases of Taiwanese companies were selected for further analysis, and were compared with findings of foreign cases to explore the synchronicity. The research samples of this study were collected from Web of Science(WOS) and Scopus (from 1995 to 2014), and finally 1585 articles were analyzed. The results of the study suggested that the USA is the country with highest productivity, and the research field of workplace mobile learning mainly affiliated with the disciplines of social science, and science of education. Further analysis showed that the workplace mobile learning research had been formed by four significant stages: low-stable stage (1995-1999), slow growth stage (2000-2003), fast growth stage (2004-2007), and high-stable stage (2008-2014). The main topic discussed in workplace mobile learning was system design, especially process design. Besides, ICT ability is the most important factor influencing employees’ attitude toward mobile learning adoption. In addition, most scholars found that the benefit of adopting mobile learning is to promote employees’ learning outcome, which is affected by course design. Research focused on Taiwanese business is few and appears late. Based on the results, the research trend of workplace mobile learning kept synchronous with the development of mobile devices. While system design remained the focus of the related studies, empirical studies that assessed and verified the effectiveness of adopting mobile learning would be of higher demands from the business and industrial sectors.