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Title: | 評估Orange II 作為牙齒染色及漂白指示劑之可行性 Evaluation of the feasibility of OrangeⅡ as a tooth staining and bleaching indicator |
Authors: | Shih-Hao Huang 黃士豪 |
Advisor: | 林俊彬 |
Keyword: | OrangeII,牙齒美白, OrangeII,Tooth Bleaching, |
Publication Year : | 2005 |
Degree: | 碩士 |
Abstract: | 在目前評估牙齒漂白效力的方法中,雖然隨機的臨床試驗可以得到比較直接的結果,但是如果在複雜、耗時的臨床試驗前,能有一套可以精確評估漂白效力的實驗方法,將會是非常有幫助的。在過去有學者使用刻意被全血或茶染色的口外牙齒,來評估牙齒漂白的效果。不過可能會因為所使用的染色源及牙齒本身存在著許多差異等因素的影響,而降低實驗的精確度。因此,本研究的目的為尋找一個適合的牙齒染色及漂白指示劑,用來評估牙齒漂白劑的效力。本實驗的研究方向可分為兩個部分,第一部份為選擇結構和臨床牙齒染色源相似的適合染色劑,且評估所選取染色劑能否確實造成牙齒的變色,並利用過氧化氫加以漂白,而後觀察此染色劑在試管中和過氧化氫的作用變化,以選出一個較適合應用在染色牙齒及試管中的牙齒染色及漂白指示劑。第二部份為利用所選取的染色劑,分別應用在染色牙齒及試管中,來評估不同過氧化氫催化劑的表現,以瞭解在這兩種環境中,對於區分過氧化氫活性的能力是否有所差異。 結果顯示:在所選的染色劑中,Rhodamine B、Fe(III) phthalocyanine、OrangeⅡ 皆可以造成牙齒變色,並可用過氧化氫加以漂白。其中Rhodamine B所造成的牙齒變色,較不容易觀察到時間跟顏色變化的相對關係,且較不易漂白;Fe (III) phthalocyanine 在試管中和過氧化氫作用過快,並不適合當作指示劑。而OrangeⅡ是一個可以應用在牙齒或是試管中的牙齒染色及漂白指示劑。在實驗的第二部份中,無論是在OrangeⅡ染色的牙齒上或是試管中,都可以觀察到加入催化劑後,過氧化氫活性的提升。但在本實驗中, 使用OrangeⅡ染色的牙齒無法區分Mn@sodium-Y及 Fe@sodium-Y 之間催化效力的差異。而OrangeⅡ在試管中,則可以區分出兩種催化劑的催化效力。經由本實驗的結果,OrangeⅡ由於:分子式和臨床上造成牙齒變色的染色源相似;可以造成牙齒的變色,並可藉由過氧化氫加以漂白;在試管中,可以區分出不同條件下過氧化氫的活性。因此,OrangeⅡ是一個適合應用在牙齒及試管中的牙齒染色及漂白指示劑。最後,我們建議可以在複雜、昂貴的臨床試驗前,先在試管中利用OrangeⅡ當作指示劑,對過氧化氫催化劑進行初步篩選。不過,由於在試管中無法完全模擬臨床上複雜的環境,所以對於兩者間結果的可能差異需要更進一步的研究。 Among current methods for estimating the effectiveness of tooth bleaching, randomized controlled clinical studies provided the most effective results. Nevertheless, there is still a need for an appropriate experiment method prior to complicated clinical studies. In the past, bleaching results were estimated by observations on tooth staining caused by blood or tea. However, because of the difference between stain intensity and the tooth itself, it was hard to gain accurate estimates from those experiments. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to search an appropriate indicator as well as to design an appropriate tooth staining and bleaching protocol, which can be used to assess the effectiveness of tooth bleaching with higher accuracy. Our study consisted of two parts. The first part was to select the appropriate dye that had similar structures to the chemical agents that normally cause tooth staining. The correlation with these artificial dyes and its liability to tooth staining and subsequent tooth bleaching was evaluated. The second part was to assess the effectiveness of two different hydrogen peroxide catalysts (Fe@Sodium-Y and Mn@Sodium-Y) in bleaching the stained tooth. This study gave us an insight into the difference in the characteristics of the two hydrogen peroxide catalysts. The results revealed that all selected dyes: Rhodamine B, Fe (III) phthalocyanine and Orange II, would cause the tooth discoloration and could be bleached with hydrogen peroxide. However, no relationship between color changes and time was noted when using Rhodamine B. Moreover, it was noted that the stain caused by Rhodamine B was more difficult to bleach. Fe (III) phthalocyanine reacted with hydrogen peroxides too quickly to be considered as an indicator. On the other hand, Orange II was the most appropriate indicator among those three selected dyes used in the stained tooth and test tube. In the second part of study, after adding in the catalyst, we observed an increase of hydrogen peroxide activity in both stained tooth and test tube methods. In the orange II stained tooth, it is difficult to distinguish the catalysis ability between Fe@Sodium-Y and Mn@Sodium-Y. But catalysis ability can be verified in the test tube of Orange II. In conclusion, Orange II was an appropriate dye considered as an indicator for tooth staining and bleaching not only because it had similar structure to clinical tooth stain, but also it did cause tooth staining and could be bleached. In addition, it was able to differentiate the activeness of hydrogen peroxide under the different conditions. Finally, we suggest tentatively screening out catalysts of hydrogen peroxide with application of Orange II before proceeding with complicated and expensive clinical studies. Unfortunately, this assessment may only act as a rough estimation as the chemical reactivity in vitro may not exactly imitate the complicated clinic environment. Therefore, more research is required to eliminate the potential differences between two results needs. |
URI: | http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/38199 |
Fulltext Rights: | 有償授權 |
Appears in Collections: | 臨床牙醫學研究所 |
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