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完整後設資料紀錄
DC 欄位 | 值 | 語言 |
---|---|---|
dc.contributor.advisor | 呂廷璋(Ting-Jang Lu) | |
dc.contributor.author | Li-Ying Yang | en |
dc.contributor.author | 楊俐穎 | zh_TW |
dc.date.accessioned | 2021-06-13T07:13:20Z | - |
dc.date.available | 2010-07-27 | |
dc.date.copyright | 2005-07-27 | |
dc.date.issued | 2005 | |
dc.date.submitted | 2005-07-26 | |
dc.identifier.citation | 水野 卓,賴慶亮 譯。1997。菇類的化學 生化學。國立編譯館,臺灣。
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Is a widely cultivated culinary-medecinal royal sun Agaricus (the Himematsutake Mushroom) indeed Agaricus blazei Murill?. Internal J Med Mushr. 4: 267-290 Watanabe T, Yamada T, Tanaka H, Jiang S, Mazumder TK, Nagai S, Tsuji K. 2002. Antihypertensive effect of gamma-aminobutyric acid-enriched Agaricus blazei on spontaneously hypertensive rats. Nippon Shokuhin Kagaku Kogaku Kaishi 49(3): 166-173. Wei H, Bonald B, Cai Q, Barnis S, Wang Y. 1995. Antioxidant and antipromotional effect of the soybean isoflavone genistein. PSEBM 208: 124-130. Wood, PJ., and Fulcher, RG.. 1978. Interaction of some dyes with cereal β-glucans. Cereal Chem. 55(6): 952-966. Wood, PJ., and Fulcher, RG.. 1980. Specificity in the interaction of direct dyes with polysaccharides. Carbohydr. Res. 85: 271-287. Wood, PJ., and Fulcher, RG.. 1983. Dye interactions: A basis for specific detection and histochemistry of polysaccharides. J. Histochem. Cytochem. 31(6): 823-826. Wood, PJ., and Fulcher, RG.. 1984. Specific interaction of aniline blue with (1,3)- β-D-glucan. Carbohydr. Polym. 4: 49-72. Yamada H., Yanahira S., Kiyohara H., Cyong JC and Otsuka Y.. 1986. Water-soluble glucans from the seed of Coix Lacryma-jobivar. Ma-yuen. Phytochemistry. 25(1): 129-132. Yamamoto S., Kobayashi R. and Nagasaki S. 1974. Purification and properties of an endo β-1.6-glucanase from Rhizopus chinensis R-69. Agr. Biol. Chem. 38(8):1493-1500. Young SH, Jacobs RR. 1998. Sodium hydroxide-induced conformational change in schizophyllan detected by the fluorescence dye, aniline blue. Carbohydr. Res. 310(1-2): 91-99. | |
dc.identifier.uri | http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/35846 | - |
dc.description.abstract | 為瞭解巴西洋菇熱水可溶多醣的特徵,本論文使用三種酵素水解系統定量分析子實體萃取物中之(1,4;1,6)-α-D-glucans、(1,6)-β-D-glucans與(1,3)-β-D-glucans的含量,並配合分子篩層析分析與染劑呈色等方法了解各glucans之分子量分布,並比較液態菌絲培養所獲得之多醣性質之差異。巴西洋菇乾燥子實體含有9.1%之可溶性膳食纖維,有26.4%高量之nitrogen free extract。熱水萃取可將乾燥菇體中66.8%物質萃出,含有18.7%之可溶性粗多醣,其單醣組成含有94%之葡萄糖、6%之半乳糖及少量甘露糖和fucose;粗多醣具有40%之(1,4;1,6)-α-D-glucans、28%之(1,6)-b-D-glucans及2.2%之(1,3)-b-D-glucans和其他含有半乳糖、甘露糖和fucose的多醣,(1,4;1,6)-α-D-glucans之分子量介於177 ~ 1000 kDa,與碘溶液不會產生藍色或紫色之錯合,推測應為高分支度之(1,4;1,6)-α-D-glucans組成。(1,6)-b-D-glucans為直鏈型分子可被(1,6)-β-D-glucanase水解成gentiobiose及gentiotriose等三醣以上的寡醣,此多醣分子量介於6 ~ 800 kDa;而少量的 (1, 3 )-b-D- glucans 可能為具有短鏈分支之直線型分子,其分支度為0.15。另外,比較液態菌絲培養之樣品,發現液態培養之多醣組成和子實體多醣組成有顯著差異,其單醣組成半乳糖和甘露糖之比例佔85%以上,及少量之葡萄糖、阿拉伯糖和菇類特徵性糖fucose。若2%添加黑豆作為培養基質會顯著增加多醣總量,但由於黑豆基質之干擾,使菌絲多醣生成量之分析變為困難,但發酵過程中巴西洋菇會含fucose之特徵多醣,且含量隨培養天數增加而增加,可作為巴西洋菇液態多醣生成量之指標。 | zh_TW |
dc.description.abstract | Abstract
To investigate composition and structural characteristics of water-soluble polysaccharides of Agaricus blazei Murill, three enzymatic systems were applied to quantity the contents of (1,4; 1,6)-a-D-glucans, (1,6)-b-D-glucans and (1,3 )-b-D-glucans in the hot-water extracts of fruiting bodies. Molecular size distribution of these three D-glucans was revealed by size-exclusion chromatography and dye staining techniques. Polysaccharides from mycelium of this mushroom obtained from liquid culture were also studied for comparison. The dried fruiting bodies contained 9.1% of soluble dietary fibers (SDF) and had 26.4% nitrogen free extract. The yields of hot-water extracts and of crude polysaccharides were 66.8% and 18.7% of the solid, respectively. The crude polysaccharides contained 94% of glucose and 6% galactose with trace amount of fucose and mannose. The crude polysaccharides consisted of 40% of (1,4; 1,6)-a-D-glucans, 28% of (1,6)-b-D-glucans and 2.2% of (1,3 )-b-D-glucans and other polysaccharides containing galactose, fucose and mannose. The (1,4; 1,6)-a- D-glucans had molecular weight distribution in the range of 177~1,000 kDa and did not react with iodine solution to form blue or purple color. We proposed that the a-D-glucans had a branch-on-branch structure with high branching ratio. The (1,6)- -b-D-glucans were found to be linear molecules which could convert to gentiobiose, gentiotriose and small amount of gento-oligosaccharides using (1, 6)-b-D-glucanase and molecular weight distribution in the range of 6 ~ 800 kDa. The small amount of (1, 3 )-b-D- glucans were essential linear molecules with short glucosyl branches. The degree of branching was found to be 0.15. The polysaccharides obtained from mycelium culture contained high proportion of galactose and mannose consisting of about 85% of sugar components with appreciable amount of fucose and glucose and arabinose and were significantly different from polysaccharides from fruiting bodies. Adding 2% of blackbean (Glycine max) as medium significantly increased total polysaccharides yield of products. The inference of blackbean polysaccharides in the culture broth caused the difficulty of monitoring on the production of A. blazei polysaccharides. The fucose content in polysaccharide could serve a good index which increased as cultivating time increasing. | en |
dc.description.provenance | Made available in DSpace on 2021-06-13T07:13:20Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 ntu-94-R91641028-1.pdf: 1517764 bytes, checksum: 99d7c7beac0bcd1a0be3db978171b6d4 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2005 | en |
dc.description.tableofcontents | 總目錄
中文摘要………………………………………………………………Ⅰ 英文摘要………………………………………………………………Ⅱ總目錄…………………………………………………………………Ⅳ表目錄…………………………………………………………………Ⅷ 圖目錄…………………………………………………………………Ⅸ 壹、 前言………………………………………………………………..1 貳、 文獻回顧…………………………………………………………..2 一、 巴西洋菇……………………………………………………...2 (一) 巴西洋菇的分類與特徵………………………………..2 (二) 巴西洋菇的栽培………………………………………..3 (三) 巴西洋菇的化學組成…………………………………..3 (四) 巴西洋菇的生理活性功效……………………………..4 1. 抗腫瘤作用……………………………………………..8 2. 免疫調節作用…………………………………………..8 3. 降低心血管疾病之危險………………………………..9 4. 其他……………………………………………………10 (五) 巴西洋菇中多醣成分的探討…………………………10 1. (1,4; 1,6)-α-D-glucan…………………………………..14 2. (1,3; 1,6) –β-D-glucans…………………………….…..14 3. Glucomannan…………………………………………..16 4. 多醣-蛋白質 之複合物……………………………..16 (六) 巴西洋菇中其他活性成分的探討……………………17 二、 活性多醣(1→3 ; 1→6)– β – D – glucan 結構對生理活性表現的影響………………………………………………….19 (一) 主鏈鍵結結構形式……………………………………20 (二) 分子量( Molecular weight )&分支度(Degree of branching, DB) ………………………………………..20 (三) 分支的化學修飾……………………………………....21 (四) 構形……………………………………………………22 三、 多醣結構分析相關技術…………………………………….24 (一) 單醣組成分析…………………………………………24 1. 酸水解…………………………………………………24 2. Methanolysis…………………………………………...25 3. Acetolysis………………………………………………26 4. (1,6)-β-D-glucanase之酵素方法………………………26 (二) 選擇性錯合呈色法……………………………………30 1. α-1,4-linked D-glucans與碘之呈色反應..……………30 2. (1,3)-β-D-glucans與Aniline blue之呈色反應……….30 四、 黑豆的簡介………………………………………………….32 (一) 黑豆之食療效果及營養成分…………………………32 (二) 黑豆之抗氧化及抗癌作用……………………………33 參、 材料與方法………………………………………………………34 一、 實驗材料…………………………………………………….34 (一) 子實體部份……………………………………………34 (二) 發酵液部份……………………………………………34 二、 實驗藥品…………………………………………………….37 (一) 化學試劑………………………………………………37 (二) 標準品…………………………………………………37 (三) 酵素……………………………………………………38 三、 樣品的製備方式…………………………………………….38 (一)粗多醣樣品的製備……………………………………38 (二)以酵素水解的方法再精製多醣………………………39 1. Thermal α-amylase、Papain及amyloglucosidase三種酵素水解…………………………………………………39 2. (1,6)-β-glucanase酵素水解……………………………39 3. (1,3)-β-glucanase酵素水解……………………………40 四、 實驗方法…………………………………………………….40 (一) 基本成分分析…………………………………………40 1. 水分測定………………………………………………40 2. 粗蛋白質測定(Kjeldahl method)………………….40 3. 粗脂肪測定……………………………………………41 4. 灰份測定………………………………………………42 5. 膳食纖維含量測定……………………………………42 (二) 樣品分析方法…………………………………………43 1. 醣含量之測定 - Phenol-sulfuric acid assay…………..43 2. 蛋白質含量之測定 – Folin-Lowry method…………..44 3. (1,3)- β-D-聚葡萄糖之測定 – Aniline blue method..45 4. Glucose含量的測定…………………………………...47 5. 直鏈澱粉之測定………………………………………48 6. 單醣組成之測定………………………………………48 7. 分子量之測定 – 膠體過濾層析法…………………..49 8. 寡醣含量分析…………………………………………50 肆、 結果與討論………………………………………………………51 一、 巴西洋菇子實體熱水萃出多醣結構之探討……………….51 (一) 巴西洋菇子實體組成…………………………………51 (二) 巴西洋菇水溶性多醣之萃取與劃分…………………53 (三) 巴西洋菇多醣劃分之醣組成…………………………56 (四) (1,4;1,6)-α-D-glucans的定量分析……………………61 (五) (1,6)-β-D-glucans的定量分析………………………..64 (六) (1,3)-β-D-glucans的定量分析………………………..70 二、 含豆科基質之巴西洋菇深層培養發酵液之比較………….76 (一) 巴西洋菇菌絲發酵樣品之多醣產量與組成…………76 (二) 黑豆的基本組成及黑豆的單醣組成…………………78 (三) 使用黑豆為培養基質對巴西洋菇菌絲發酵樣品多醣產量與組成的影響………………………………………80 伍、 結論………………………………………………………………88 陸、 參考文獻…………………………………………………………90 柒、 附錄……………………………………………………………..102 附表一、各種菇類對具有sarcoma 180肉瘤天竺鼠的抗腫瘤測試結果……………………………………………………102 附表二、比較Formolyzed前後對sarcoma 180腫瘤細胞的抑制活性...…………………………………………………….103 附表三、不同真菌的(1→6) branched (1→3)-β-D-glucans…….104 附表四、雙糖乙醯基化降解(acetolysis)反應速率………….….106 附表五、Aniline blue與水溶性多醣錯合物的相對螢光強度…107 附表六、不同單醣酸水解前後對於脈衝式電流檢測器反應相對 因子……………………………………………………110 表目錄 表一、巴西洋菇活性物質與其活性功能列表…………………………5 表二、巴西洋菇多醣與其生理活性……………………………………11 表三、不同真菌β-1,6-glucanase的物化性質…………………………29 表四、巴西洋菇菌絲發酵液之發酵培養條件一覽表………………...36 表五、巴西洋菇乾燥子實體基本組成…………………………………52 表六、巴西洋菇乾燥子實體熱水萃取之萃取量及萃取物中碳水化合物及蛋白質含量…………………………………………………..53 表七、單醣標準品於脈衝式電流檢測器中濃度對反應曲線之公式…57 表八、巴西洋菇子實體水溶性多醣區分之單醣組成………………...58 表九、巴西洋菇粗多醣及經澱粉酵素水解後之多醣中不同葡聚醣的比例...…………………………………………………………...74 表十、巴西洋菇液態菌絲培養之醣類萃取量………………………....77 表十一、巴西洋菇液態菌絲培養多醣之單醣組成……………………77 表十二、黑豆之基本組成……………………………………………...79 表十三、黑豆熱水萃出之粗多醣單醣組成…………………………...79 表十四、巴西洋菇液態菌絲培養之醣類萃取量……………………...83 表十五、巴西洋菇液態菌絲培養多醣之單醣組成…………………...84 圖目錄 圖一、具抗腫瘤活性的(1,6)-β-D-glucosyl branched (1,3)-β-D-glucopyran化學組成鍵結結構……………………...19 圖二、 Pustulan的結構………………………………………………..28 圖三、 Aniline blue主要成份之結構…………………………………30 圖四、 Sirofluor結構…………………………………………………31 圖五、巴西洋菇乾燥子實體熱水萃出液及可溶性粗多醣之分子量分佈……………………………………………………...………...55 圖六、六種標準單糖樣品於HPAEC-PAD層析圖譜…………………57 圖七、巴西洋菇子實體水溶性多醣區分,以TFA水解之水解液配合HPAEC-PAD分析之層析圖譜…………………….……..…….59 圖八、巴西洋菇乾燥子實體熱水萃取之多醣,經澱粉水解酵素和木瓜酵素水解後之分子量分布(ABPA)………………….………62 圖九、巴西洋菇子實體可溶性粗多醣及澱粉之碘呈色結果…………63 圖十、Pustualn多醣樣品以 (1,6)-β-glucanase酵素水解前後之HPSEC分析之層析圖譜…………………………...…………………...65 圖十一、Pustualn多醣樣品以 (1,6)-β-glucanase酵素水解後,寡糖分析之HPSEC層析圖譜…………………………………………66 圖十二、巴西洋菇非(1,4;1,6)-α-D-glucan之多醣區分,經β-(1,6)-glucanase酵素水解前後之HPSEC層析圖…………67 圖十三、巴西洋菇非(1,4;1,6)-α-D-glucan之多醣區分,經β-(1,6)-glucanase酵素水解前後,寡糖分析之HPSEC層析圖譜……………………………………………………………..69 圖十四、巴西洋菇非(1,4;1,6)-α-D-glucan之多醣區分,經exo-及endo-β-(1,3)-glucanase酵素水解前後之HPSEC層析圖譜……………………………………………………………..72 圖十五、巴西洋菇非(1,4;1,6)-α-D-glucan之多醣區分,經exo-及endo-β-(1,3)-glucanase酵素水解後之HPAEC-PAD層析圖譜……………………………………………………………..73 圖十六、巴西洋菇多醣樣品經酵素處理之流程及不同葡聚醣定量之結果……………………………………………………………..75 圖十七、不同巴西洋菇菌株之液態菌絲培養之多醣分子量分佈…..85 圖十八、添加0.8%黑豆作為發酵基質之巴西洋菇液態菌絲培養多醣分子量分佈…………………………………………………..86 圖十九、添加2%黑豆作為發酵基質之巴西洋菇液態菌絲培養,在不同培養天數下之多醣分子量分布…………………………..87 | |
dc.language.iso | zh-TW | |
dc.title | 巴西洋菇水溶性多醣之特徵 | zh_TW |
dc.title | Characteristics of Water-Soluble Polysaccharides
from Agaricus blazei Murill | en |
dc.type | Thesis | |
dc.date.schoolyear | 93-2 | |
dc.description.degree | 碩士 | |
dc.contributor.oralexamcommittee | 張鴻民,劉瑞芬,張永和,徐敬衡 | |
dc.subject.keyword | 巴西洋菇,(1,4,1,6)-D-葡萄聚醣,(1,6)-D-葡萄聚醣,(1,3)-D-葡萄聚醣, | zh_TW |
dc.subject.keyword | Agaricus blazei Murill,(1,4,1,6)-D-glucans,(1,6)-D-glucans,(1,3)-D-glucans, | en |
dc.relation.page | 110 | |
dc.rights.note | 有償授權 | |
dc.date.accepted | 2005-07-26 | |
dc.contributor.author-college | 生物資源暨農學院 | zh_TW |
dc.contributor.author-dept | 食品科技研究所 | zh_TW |
顯示於系所單位: | 食品科技研究所 |
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