自旋軌道作用與湯瑪斯進動在實驗室座標研究

Abstract

計算電子在原子核中的自旋軌道作用我們通常會從電子的座標出發,再經過座標轉換回到實驗室座標.但在2000年Munoz(Am. J. Phys, 69, 554-556,(2001)提供了一個直接在實驗室座標下計算自旋軌道作用的方式,這個方式特別包含了在電磁學經常被忽略的'隱藏動量'Hidden Momentum',而且如同轉換座標的作法引用湯瑪斯進動.在本篇論文中將指出Munoz的方法中有許多錯誤,並提出正確討論此問題的方法.

The spin-orbit interaction is traditionally treated in the electron's rest frame. In 2000, Munoz (Am. J. Phys, 69, 554-556,(2001) ) presented an alternative way of deriving it from the lab frame point of view, explicitly taking account the 'hidden momentum' while retaining the traditional Thomas precession as a correction to make the final answer with the established result. The present work shows that the inclusion of the latter is misleading, then proposes how one should approach it in a more systematic way.