不同類型牙周病患周邊血樹突狀細胞亞群比例與 其紅色複合體數量的差異

Abstract

本實驗之目的是探討慢性牙周炎與侵犯型牙周炎的牙周病患與健康受試者相較，其兩種周邊血樹突狀細胞亞群，髓系(myeloid)樹突狀細胞與淋巴系/胞漿系(lymphoid/plasmacytoid)樹突狀細胞比例的差異以及其牙齦下牙菌斑紅色複合體比例的差異。實驗方法是抽取21位慢性牙周炎與26位侵犯型牙周炎病患與22位健康受試者的周邊全血400μl，經由免疫螢光抗體染色，以流式細胞儀分析周邊血中不同樹突狀細胞亞群的比例，再採取受試者牙齦下牙菌斑樣本，以定量聚合酶連鎖反應分析其中紅色複合體的比例，並統計分析三組的差異性以及三種細菌對周邊血樹突狀細胞亞群的影響。實驗結果發現，兩種類型牙周病患與健康對照組相較，侵犯型牙周炎患者的白血球中，周邊血淋巴系樹突狀細胞的比例比慢性牙周病患高。而髓系樹突狀細胞/淋巴系樹突狀細胞的比值則以慢性牙周炎患者的比值最高，但是未達統計上的顯著差異。三種紅色複合體牙周致病菌，Tannerella forsythensis和Treponema denticola在牙齦下牙菌斑的比例，在侵犯型牙周炎組的比例比慢性牙周炎組高，在慢性牙周炎組的比例比健康控制組高， Porphyromonas gingivalis在慢性牙周炎患者與侵犯型牙周炎患者牙齦下牙菌斑的比例，都比健康控制組高，侵犯型牙周炎組和慢性牙周炎組相比較，則沒有顯著差異性。三種紅色複合體牙周致病菌比例對於周邊血樹突狀細胞比例沒有顯著影響。不同類型牙周病患周邊血樹突狀細胞亞群比例的差異，顯示牙周組織遭遇外來致病菌入侵時，除了局部組織的反應外，周邊血與深部淋巴結也可能參與免疫反應對抗外來抗原。

The present study was to evaluate the proportion of peripheral blood dendritic cell (DC) subsets and subgingival red complex in patients with different types of periodontitis. 400μl peripheral blood and subgingival plaque sample was obtained from 22 healthy volunteer, 21 patients with chronic periodontitis and 26 patients with aggressive periodontitis. The proportion of myeloid DC and lymphoid DC was analyzed by flow cytometry. The proportion of red complex was analyzed by Quantitative PCR. The results showed that the lymphoid DC proportion of aggressive periodontitis group was significantly higher than the chronic periodontitis group. The ratio of DC1/DC2 in chronic periodontitis group was higher than other two group. The proportion of Tannerella forsythensis (Bacteroides forsythus) and Treponema denticola in the aggressive periodontitis group was significantly higher than in the chronic periodontitis group. The proportion of these two pathogen in the chronic periodontitis group was significantly higher than the healthy control. The proportion of Porphyromonas gingivalis in both periodontitis group was significantly higher than the healthy control. The present study implicated that the different proportion of the peripheral blood DC in patients with different types of periodontitis reveal peripheral blood and lymphoid tissue may be involved in the immune response to periodontal pathogens challenge.