利用Pickering乳化聚合法製備具酸鹼緩衝性質的氧化鋅/聚苯胺奈米複合顆粒

Abstract

本研究主要分成三個部分，第一部分是合成出具有酸鹼緩衝效果的聚苯胺，在鹽酸的酸性水溶液下以起始劑過硫酸銨進行氧化聚合反應，製備出中間氧化態聚苯胺，並控制其本身的酸鹼值為中性，以達到對酸液或鹼液都能將其酸鹼值調節到中性的效果。 第二部份主要是製備出具兩性緩衝效果的氧化鋅奈米顆粒，利用水熱合成法在低溫低濃度下製備出奈米等級的氧化鋅，並改變反應時的溫度和反應溶液，使用TEM觀察奈米氧化鋅在不同的反應條件下有何不同的形態和大小，並探討其原因。 第三部份則是利用Pickering Emulsion Polymerization的方法製備出聚苯胺/氧化鋅奈米乳膠顆粒，將第二部份所合成的氧化鋅奈米顆粒去當作聚苯胺乳化聚合中的界面劑，製備出聚苯胺/氧化鋅複合顆粒。然後再利用FTIR、XRD、TGA去探討複合顆粒的結構及熱性質，並用TEM觀察其形態，最後則是在不同的酸鹼液下測試其酸鹼緩衝特性。

This research includes three parts. In the first part, we synthesized polyaniline with capability to control the pH of acid(base) solutions at neutrality. Aniline dissolved in hydrochloric acid solution and was initiated by ammonium persulfate. Finally we got the emeraldine type of polyaniline. And we controlled its pH at about 7, so it can be a pH buffer to both acid and base solution. In the second part, we prepared Zinc oxide, another pH buffer to both acid and base. We synthesized nano-size particles of zinc oxide via the novel hydrothermal process with relative low concentration and temperature. We also observed and discussed the variation of morphology of the obtained zinc oxide with different solvents and reaction temperature by TEM. In the last part, we tried to combine the products mentioned above through the novel method, Pickering emulsion polymerization. We take particles of zinc oxide we made in the second part as the surfactants of the emulsion polymerization of polyaniline to synthesize ZnO/PANI composite particles. Then we discussed it by FTIR, XRD, TGA and TEM.