FRP厚度方向滲透率量測與樹脂模流分析之應用

Abstract

高分子複合材料在現今的工業界扮演一重要的角色，它極優良的物理性質提供了我們製造高性能商品的能力，從安全帽、浴缸到車體、機翼、船舶等都有其產品。SCRIMP(Seemann Composite Resin Infusion Molding Process)為一種高分子複合材料的加工方法，它運用了真空的吸力把樹脂和纖維以非常密合的狀態包覆在一起，並減少了傳統人工以手積方式將樹脂塗佈在纖維層時會形成的氣泡。在工作環境方面也因不需要直接的接觸樹脂，樹脂內的揮發性化學物質較不會由呼吸而進入人體，進而對人體造成傷害，總括來說，SCRIMP改善了工作環境並提升了產品性能。 船殼等大型構件灌注時，通常會在最上層添加一層滲透率極高之黑網，用以提升其滲透的速率，這層黑網的存在與纖維本身的厚度，會使得積層表面與底面的流動時間相差甚大，這樣的一種現象可能使我們錯估其灌注所需的時間，而造成實際在灌注上的錯誤，所以厚度方向滲透率的量測在模擬灌注上有其重要性。 除此之外，有了各纖維材料厚度方向滲透率之後，可配合各纖維之平面方向之滲透率，利用RTM-Worx在長度與厚度方向之平面上的運算，對各種纖維疊層於SCRIMP灌注時之滲透率進行預估，如此一來不需要再對各種不同疊層之積層板進行平面方向之灌注試驗，即可由模擬得知平面方向滲透率。因而本論文的目的是藉由黑網及純纖維各方向的滲透率量測，來預估SCRIMP灌注疊層時之上、下表面滲透率，進而應用於各種幾何形狀之積層構件的流動模擬，以增進RTM-Worx使用之方便性。

Polymer composite material plays an important role in the industry. With its great physical properties we can produce high performance manufactures. SCRIMP (Seemann Composite Resin Infusion Molding Process) a novel polymer processing technique uses the vacuum pressure to tighten the resin with fibers, reduces bubbles from the original hand-lay-up procedure. It also improves the working environments, workers will not contact the resin for too long time and vapor of toxic chemicals will not directly damage workers’ health while processing. During SCIMP processing initiator will be added, and it will start to cure the resin in a short period of time. It would be an important subject to know how to arrange the injection gate and the venting port. If we settled wrongfully, products might have some defects. The worst case is that the product becomes a waste and increases manufacture cost. To prevent this kind of situation simulation is needed. RTM-Worx is one of those convenient finite element analysis programs; it’s based on D model to precede the analysis. With this software we can obtain the duration to complete injection of a ship. Since many injection arrangements can be easily simulated, choosing one with best performance will not be a big problem. But simulation of SCRIMP process can only perform in the surface; there is no detail about what’s inside the stack. And actually in the real SCRIMP process there is distribution media placed on top of the fibers; these greatly differentiate flow in the surface and the bottom. Deviation of this will give errors to the whole process. Measurement of trans-plane permeability would be of great importance to be cared. Besides, we can combine the trans-plane permeability and the in-plane permeability of pure fibers to predict the permeability of stacks in SCRIMP process, and no extra pre-experiment will be needed to the SCRIMP arrangement. In this research, we propose a method to simulate the mold flow process with in-plane and trans-plane permeability of pure materials. Obtaining the top and bottom surface permeability will no longer need experiments, and simulation of large structures can easily achieved with this pre-simulation method.