市場結構與勞動市場供需狀況對廠商職業訓練投入之影響

Abstract

在過去探討「影響廠商辦理職業訓練之因素」的相關研究中，多半是從廠商內部的影響因素來探討，包括廠商本身的規模大小、廠商技術水準、廠商本身的員工流動率和員工教育程度等，而較少從廠商的外部環境（即市場）來探討。本研究主要即是從市場結構（包括產品市場和勞動市場）以及勞動市場供需狀況，來探討廠商職業訓練的投入情形。 透過行政院勞委會90年職類別薪資調查、行政院主計處90年工商及服務業普查和行政院主計處89年薪資與生產力統計年報此三者資料的合併，並以Tobit model對6466個廠商樣本進行迴歸分析，本研究發現： 1、產品市場集中度對廠商職業訓練支出具有正向且顯著的影響； 2、勞動市場集中度對廠商職業訓練支出具有負向且顯著的影響； 3、缺工率對廠商職業訓練支出具有正向且顯著的影響。

In the pass, the related studies which discussed the factors of firm-provided training focused on the internal organization factors of firm, including its size, technical level, turnover rate of staff, and education level of staff and so on. It is rare to discuss this topic from the viewpoint of the external environment factors of firm. This study mainly discusses how market structure (both product market and labor market), labor demand and supply condition affect the density of firm-provided training. By merging the 2001 training investigation data provided by Council of Labor Affairs of Executive Yuan, Taiwan, the 2001 industry, commerce and service census by Directorate General of Budget, Accounting and Statistics of Executive Yuan, Taiwan and the yearbook of earnings and productivity statistics by Directorate General of Budget, Accounting and Statistics of Executive Yuan, Taiwan in 2000, I have 6,466 samples and then use the Tobit model for the regression analysis. This study discovered as follows: 1. The concentration of product market has a positive and significant effect to the density of firm-provided training; 2. The concentration of labor market has a negative and significant effect to the density of firm-provided training; 3. The shortage of labor has a positive and significant effect to the density of firm-provided training.