馬來西亞華語藝術歌曲之研究：以音樂家許元良之作品為例

Abstract

對於音樂學學術領域而言，馬來西亞華語藝術歌曲研究是一項新鮮的課題。本研究計畫主要透過田野調查的方式在馬來西亞北、中、南，三個地區收集相關資料，並實地觀察當地的華語藝術歌曲活動。文章結構方面則從縱向和橫向，兩方面切入：在縱向方面，本論文藉由一些華語藝術歌曲的民間組織和人物串聯起馬來西亞華語藝術歌曲的歷史與發展；而橫向部份，則從音樂家許元良的個人音樂生命和作品延伸到社會層面，以深入探討華語藝術歌曲、華人音樂家、華人社會以及馬來西亞社會之間的互動和緊密關係。本研究希望透過這樣的結構安排，可以更完整地勾勒出馬來西亞華語藝術歌曲的風貌。 本論文之研究具有以下五項貢獻：一、以馬來西亞華語藝術歌曲為研究課題，並以多元文化社會為背景，建構了部份的馬來西亞華人音樂歷史。二、以馬來西亞華人音樂家許元良為深入研究的題材，以進一步探討華語藝術歌曲在馬來西亞的發展狀況。與此同時，本論文亦建構了許元良的音樂生活與創作理念，並論述許元良對華人音樂界貢獻，進而討論許元良與華人社會之間的互動關係。三、以許元良帶領的檳城音樂協會合唱團所參與過的各項國內外音樂活動為主，爬梳與分析音樂活動數據，同時以音樂會內容形式與場次進行分析，以呈現多樣化的華語藝術歌曲活動。四、藉由分析許元良的音樂作品，呈現東方、西方、以及馬來民族音樂層面的融合，並展現了東西方，以及馬來西亞本土文化在馬來西亞華語藝術歌曲中的相互融合。五、藉由美國文化人類學家Clifford Geertz的理論，觀察許元良對本身身份認同的看法，進而透過許元良的音樂創作，探究他對國家認同與族群意識的認知。

The study of Malaysian Chinese art songs is a fresh topic in musicology. Based on fieldwork and analysis focusing on the work of the prominent Chinese musician Mr. Khaw Guan Liang, this study sets out to summarize the history of Malaysian Chinese music culture, reconstruct his professional music career and analyze the influences behind his style of music composition. Furthermore, we investigate his perception of national identity and ethnicism. This study has accomplished the following. Firstly, it has reconstructed partial history of the Malaysian Chinese Music based on the Malaysian Chinese art songs with a touch of the local multicultural flavor. Secondly, with emphasis on Mr. Khaw Guan Liang, we further explore the development of Malaysian Chinese art songs. In addition, we discuss the ideology behind Khaw’s compositions and his contributions to the Chinese community. Moreover, with the analysis on 1st hand data, we show the variation of activities and programs that have been held by the Penang Philharmonic Society, led by Khaw. Furthermore, this study has exhibited the harmonious blend of Oriental, Western, and South East Asia music elements and characteristics through the analysis on Khaw’s work. Last but not least, based on Clifford Geertz’s theory, this study has investigated Khaw’s stand in defining national identity and ethnicism, which lies within his work.