奈米/次微米化山藥之抗氧化與抗皮膚老化能力

Abstract

山藥為薯蕷屬多年生蔓生性根莖類植物，可供作食用與藥用，山藥富含醣類、蛋白質、胺基酸、多種礦物質、維生素C、黏質多醣、膽鹼、尿囊素與山藥皂素等成分。實驗探討經過奈米/次微米化加工後，基隆山藥粒徑降解情形，同時利用顯微觀察奈米/次微米化山藥粒子以佐證粒徑量測結果。以奈米/次微米化山藥進行各種抗氧化試驗，並以安姆試驗與細胞存活率評估其奈米/次微米化山藥安全性與奈米/次微米化山藥對皮膚纖維母細胞膠原蛋白表現的影響。 20 g山藥凍乾粉與 400 g去離子水製成之山藥漿液，以 0.8 mm和 0.3 mm釔鋯珠進行兩階段研磨，產品體積平均粒徑可降至 10.2± 13.8 μm，數量粒徑為 0.103 ± 0.059 μm，山藥粒子降解後會有聚集的現象。實驗結果顯示奈米/次微米化山藥具有一定程度的抗氧化能力，其對於 S. typhimurium TA98與S. typhimurium TA100不具致突變性；加入4-NQO直接型致突變劑更具有良好抗致突變能力，較山藥冷水萃出物為佳。奈米/次微米化山藥對人類皮膚纖維母細胞WS1細胞株不具毒殺性；對皮膚纖維母細胞膠原蛋白產量及產率都有正面的效果。

Yams are recognized as an important pharmaceutical plant that can be used in drug industry. Yam extracts showed remarkable antioxidative activity due to the presence of mucilage, polyphenol, dioscorin and allantoin, which could be used in functional foods as well as skin-care products. In this study, Keelung yam (Dioscorea pseudojaponica Yamamoto) was purchased from Rueifang Farmers’ Association. Two-step grinding method was used to prepare nano/submicron particles ( 0.8 mm Y-Z beads: 30 minutes; 0.3 mm Y-Z beads: 60 minutes). After milling, volume average particle size distribution was decreased from 830 μm to 10.2 μm; number average particle size distribution was decreased to 0.1 μm. The antioxidative activities of nano/submicron particles were compared with different solvent extract. Experimental results confirmed that nano/submicron yam does not have mutagenicity and shows antimutagenicity ability. It has no cytotoxicity to human skin fibroblast. The presence of nano/submicron yam enhances the collagen synthesis.