新公共管理的公務人力運用

Abstract

政府在面對整體財政困窘、人事費用偏高，如何在現行法規或法律鬆綁及不影響原機關績效與執行力下，精簡人事並實施彈性公務人力制度，有其必然的趨勢。本論文從新公共管理理論的觀點，及以現有公務人力人數、官職等及薪資等為資料母體，使用SPSS 13.0 與MINITAB 14套裝軟體的統計迴歸方式，審視現行行政機關公務人員、公立學校職員及國營事業人員等人力結構，並以行政法人、派遣人力及公務志工等三種人力與現有公務人力，賦予該等人力的不同比率、員額數及平均薪資分佈等數值資料;先估算現有公務人力的平均月薪資(約為58 , 093元)，再按政務、簡任、薦任、委任及臨時人力（含派遣人力及公務志工）人數，善加運用公務志工群族，「改善公民參與公共事務」有其積極面向與意義。建構此五階層的「金字塔人力結構」，可將原有的人事結構體重心下降約23.6%，建構穩定而有效率的「公部門內部結構改造」；其人力結構體積量分別為0.8﹪、5.6﹪、15.3﹪、29.6﹪、48.7﹪。假設臨時人力的派遣人力約佔48.7%，在此基準下,使用不同的現有公務與法人化機構之人力比率，概略計算出每年節省經費約新台幣858~1186億元(節省總人事費用的31%~43%)，有效地落實「改善政府財務」。即以此種嶄新的公務人力模式觀點，對節約政府人事費用的政策評估，解決政府財政赤字，作為決策參考。 經由統計迴歸與推演分析結果，發現人力呈現菱形結構，我國公務人力的確有基層人力不足和人力結構不穩定等缺失。另外，由原始人數及現有公務人力的薪資資料，以SPSS軟體11種不同迴歸模式來運算，其R2為0.097~0.70之間 ,可知我國薪俸調整並沒有薪給調薪作業公式，我國相關人事給與主管單位應建構一套客觀而實用的公務人員調薪公式。組織重整時，公務人員為了機關的競爭優勢可能喪失個人倫理原則，有必要在建制上統合健全行政倫理法制，以適度規範公務員之行為，應激發公務員更具社會公平、正義、道德、良善、積極前瞻之倫理行為，重塑新的公務倫理與價值 。

The government possessed of high personnel expense encounters the wholly exhausted finance. Without affecting the original institution performance under untying the present laws and regulations, however, it could simplify the human affairs and implement the flexible public manpower system, which is an inevitable tendency. This paper from a new public management theory viewpoint, and the governmental manpower, the official position and the salary as statistical population, utilizes regression models of SPSS 13.0 for windows and MINITAB 14 packages, and examines the structure of administrative organization staffs and public school jobholders and state-operated enterprise wage earners. At first, it was calculated the average month salary of incorporated administration, dispatch manpower, civil volunteers and public employees, approximately NT$ 58,093.Then based on the proposed pyramid manpower structure, reducing mass center of the original construction about 23.6% and being five strata with volume amount of 0.8 ﹪, 5.6 ﹪, 15.3 ﹪, 29.6 ﹪and 48.7 ﹪, and by using different ratios of the above-mentioned manpower, it was estimated to save the funds approximately NT$ 858~1186 hundred million every year, or to save total human affairs expense 31%~43% under keeping the supposition on temporary dispatch manpower of 48.7%. Besides 'the improvement of government finance', civil volunteers group application ameliorates “the citizen to participate in the public affairs”, has its positive face and the significance. The pyramid manpower configuration is stable and effective , and promotes 'the public internal structure transformation'. The innovatory perspective to save the government personnel expense, is a better method for taking the policy-making reference on government financial deficit.