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Title: | 預期壽命決定因素之探討—以OECD國家為例 Determinants of Life Expectancy: Evidence from the OECD Countries |
Authors: | Hsien-Chang Li 李顯章 |
Advisor: | 林惠玲(Hui-Lin Lin) |
Co-Advisor: | 李顯峰(Hsien-Feng Lee) |
Keyword: | 國民所得,教育年數,預期壽命,橫縱斷面分析, national income,school year expectancy,life expectancy,panel data analysis, |
Publication Year : | 2009 |
Degree: | 碩士 |
Abstract: | 依據資源論的觀點,核心資源的多寡決定最後的產出績效;而環境學派(the environmental approach)認為在某些產業,整體環境的變遷力量會深刻影響著產業總產出。本研究搜集2000至2007年間經濟合作暨發展組織(OECD)會員國之樣本資料,用以分析健康照護核心資源之醫師數、護理師數及總病床數對國家健康總產出指標之國民預期壽命有何影響。並復以縱橫資料(panel data)由橫斷面與縱斷面並行分析各國國民教育年數與國民生產毛額對國民預期壽命之關聯性,此乃為控制各國間或因文化,或健康保險制度或因醫護與習慣不同對國民健康總產出應有某種程度上的影響;以及為控制醫療科技進步之時間不同而造成各國在不同時間之落差。實證結果發現:(1)不論是否控制國別差異或時間差異,醫療核心資源量與國民預期壽命長短有顯著相關;意即各國之間不因文化或政策制度不同,或時序不同,而改變醫療核心資源量對國民預期壽命的顯著影響。(2)加入國民預期教育年數之變數後,在雙固定效果下,均呈顯著相關,惟本研究在國民預期教育年數與國民預期壽命上呈現「負」相關,此與其他研究者之研究結論迥然不同,本研究認為其原因在於高教育水準引起高生活(工作)壓力所致。(3)在雙固定效果下,每人GDP與總病床數對國民預期壽命呈顯著相關,但此情形下,醫師數與護理師數不再具有顯著關係;其原因概為個人所得增加,又視平常之保健為正常財下,稀釋了醫護人員數之相關性。 This study investigates the direct effects of key health resource underlying a changing environment on national health outcomes, because the health care industry was experiencing incremental changes in different countries or during different time period. Based on the resource-based-view and the environment approach, we employ a panel data regression analysis from 2000 to 2007 of the OECD members. Panel data analysis can provide mixed support for a significant relationship among practicing physicians, practicing nurses, hospital beds, school year expectancy, and gross national income per capita on life expectancy. The empirical results suggest that increasing changes of school year expectancy and national income per capita over time was sufficient to impact life expectancy. In addition, it shows an interesting effect that shorter life expectancy year is getting on account of the probability of high living pressure of well-educated population. Furthermore, as the hypothesis of the environment approach states, gross national income per capita does play a significant role on final national health outcome, i.e. the life expectancy. Generally, our empirical results in this study are reasonable. |
URI: | http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/22873 |
Fulltext Rights: | 未授權 |
Appears in Collections: | 經濟學系 |
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