從地緣政治到生命政治的邊界空間：以「珠海經濟特區、珠澳跨境工業區、橫琴新區」為例

Abstract

在邊界的討論上，國家邊緣的「特區」現象成為連接作用的重要一環，本研究以中國與澳門之間的特區發展歷程作為研究對象。從案例中討論國家與地方發展所引伸而來的邊界重構和跨境治理，進一步理解在全球化的大環境之下，並以「一國兩制」為前提的中澳兩地關係，邊界特區在此脈絡中所發揮的作用和功能。研究聚焦於中國和澳門間三十多年的地緣關係，針對當中的區域性發展加以回顧和分析，特別是關注於兩地邊界上的「特區」空間。根據中國、澳門之間邊界的歷史發展脈絡，可將其分為珠海經濟特區、珠澳跨境工業區、橫琴新區三個階段，通過對中澳兩地關係發展作動態和脈絡性的分析。首先，說明邊界上的特區如何在歷史中產生，又是如何發展到現在狀況；接著，說明特區作為邊界技術，如何對原本的多元的國家邊界重新劃分，並在「地緣政治」以及在「生命政治」上皆逐漸複雜化；最後嘗試指出在以經濟為前提的區域發展下，這樣特殊的邊界關係又是如何重新建構對「國家-地方」的關係，邊界「特區」又是如何成為「一國兩制」下的「中國-澳門」的連接技藝。

In the discussions on the border, “zoning” phenomenon become an important issue. This research focused on the evolution of Mainland-Macau cross-border special zones, which studied about the border reconstruction and cross-border governance under national and local development. Another, understudied the role and functions of border special zones, that under the globalization and the premise of “one country, two systems”. In this study, analyzed of the geopolitical relations between Mainland and Macau for the past thirty years. According to the historical development of border region between Mainland and Macau, the period can be divided to the Zhuhai Special Economic Zone, Zhuhai-Macao Cross Border Industrial Zone and the Hengqin New Area. First, we are going to explore how these special zones have evolved. Second, explained these special zones as a border technology, how to redrawing the diverse border, and how complication in the 'geopolitical' and the 'biopolitical'. Lastly, we will see how these border space to redefine the “State-Local” relationship, and how to become the connection technology of “Mainland – Macau” under the “One Country, Two Systems”.