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標題: | 海峽兩岸繼承法制與實務 Inheritance Law Systems and Practice in Taiwan and Mainland China |
作者: | Yi Chi Chen 陳宜琦 |
指導教授: | 陳顯武 |
關鍵字: | 國際私法,海牙國際私法會議,概括繼承,限定繼承,拋棄繼承, Private International Law,The Hague Conference on Private International Law,Unlimited Inheritance,Limited Inheritance,Abandon Inheritance, |
出版年 : | 2011 |
學位: | 碩士 |
摘要: | 台灣在2010年5月修正通過國際私法,同年10月大陸也新通過其涉外民事關係法律適用法,海峽兩岸國際私法的修正通過使國際私法的發展有了新的面貌,而就兩岸繼承的部分是否產生影響值得探討。
繼承制度是財產法律關係中一個非常重要的制度,對於保護自然人的財產權利、維護家庭和諧、鞏固社會經濟制度均有著重要的作用,在涉外繼承之立法例,向有「統一主義」與「分割主義」之對立,此為涉外繼承準據法最大議題,故本論文會參考海牙國際私法會議關於繼承部分的立法精神作為法律適用之參考。 台灣民法本以概括繼承為原則,限定繼承為例外的制度,經立法院主導先修法引進法定限定繼承,再改採全面限定繼承制度,又於施行法增訂溯及既往之條文,所涉及條文不算少,應為全盤整體的修正,所以本論文就台灣修法後的法律適用和是否採取和大陸繼承法限定繼承的相同模式加以分析,最後作出小結論。 繼承的法律規範總合起來後就變成繼承法,要了解限定繼承必須先了解大陸地區的立法背景與思潮,大陸地區因奉行社會主義,向視繼承制度是剝削階級為維護私有制和世代相傳的一種法律制度,認為繼承權就是繼承人從被繼承人手中承受「地產和資本」,從而獲得攫取他人勞動成果的權利。 然大陸地區在經過文化大革命與其實施經濟改革開放後,為引誘外資與鼓勵人民生產,於1985年通過繼承法,以配合當地的經濟改革,事故繼承法與當時的時代背景有相當程度的關連,然而是否適用當代大陸則仍有疑問。 於探討完兩岸的繼承法制後可知,兩岸之繼承法的主要差異在於繼承的標的、法定繼承人的範圍和順序、代位繼承、繼承權喪失制度、繼承回復請求權與胎兒的繼承能力等等,故本論文也針對不同之處為分析討論,並觀察實務上對於此類案件的法律分析和適用,最後做出個人建議與結論。 The revision of Taiwan’s Private International Law has been achieved in May 2010.Mainland China has also been adopted in October of the same year. These two pieces of legislation signify an important new milestone for the development of private international law of the two sides of the Taiwan Straits. Legal relations of property inheritance system is a very important system for the protection of property rights ,although the premise of succession is based on the status relationship between the decedent and the heirs, the succession so called is the succession of property interests rather than status interests. Since Mainland China for practicing socialism, they regard inherit private property and the generations to maintain a legal system is the heir from the inheritance of the decedent under the hands of 'real estate and capital'. After the experience of the Cultural Revolution and the People's Republic of implementing economic reform and opening up, the law of succession in 1985 to meet the contemporary's economic reform. In Taiwan, there are three forms for inheritors to choose to inherit from the others, which are “Unlimited Inheritance”, “Limited Inheritance”, and ”Abandon Inheritance”. For the reason of the tradition that of our country is “Father’s debt belong to the sons”, unlimited inheritance becomes the principle. In order to meet the society need, The Legislative Yuan led the introduction of pre-law inherited the legal limit, and then shift to a comprehensive system of limited inheritance. There still have a lot of problems to discuss with. In addition ,there is a lot of difference between succession laws of the two sides of the strait. Some is the special scheme in China continent, Some is the gaps of the succession law in China continent, Others are difference in details. The research on such difference would benefit the amendment on succession law and the draft of Civil Code of China continent. Under the framework of the two sides of the strait inheritance, I tried to analyzed the law on Taiwan and the Mainland China laws applied to the practical operation of the provisions of state and analyzed for comprehensive observation, and finally made a conclusion. |
URI: | http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/16572 |
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顯示於系所單位: | 國家發展研究所 |
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