高雄地區10年間他殺案件的流行病學分析之研究

Abstract

他殺是一種剝奪他人生命權利的行為。可以說是，所有暴力犯罪中最嚴重的一類。因此往往會造成嚴重的社會治安問題，也是公共衛生關心的議題。然而在高雄縣市，甚至整個台灣有關於任何他殺的案件有系統的分析與統計的資料極為欠缺，很難一窺他殺案件的全貌。所以，對於此類問題之分析，是值得我們在第一線的法醫師作進一步更仔細的探討。 本次論文回顧了(2001-2010)十年間，所有在高雄地檢署所轄高雄市、 高雄縣(後合併為高雄市)，發生的他殺案件共有247件，做為本次研究資料。 這些案件資料依據，性別、年齡族群、犯案方法、犯案動機、發生地、加害者與被害者之關係、發生年份、發生月份、加害者案發後是否自殺，等這幾個方向去收集資料，並加以分析其間關聯。 以高雄市來說，平均每年發生約24件，發生最多的月份為1月，有167(67.6%)位被害者為男性，而女性被害者有80(32.4%)位，其男女比例約是2.08:1，最多的男性年齡族群為41-45歲，而女性部份則為36-40歲。加害者有228 (92.3%)位是男性，而女性為19(7.7%)位，男女比例約為12:1最多的年齡族群男性分體為31-35歲，而女性31-35歲也屬最多，加害者與被害者其關係為熟識者佔171。犯案方法則以銳器類使用最多佔 110件(45%)，第二多的則為鈍器類共59件(24%)。藉由此統計資料分析結果，期望能在刑事調查上有所助益，進而有所助益於社會安全。

Homicide, an act to deprive people’s survival right, is the most serious type of violent crime. Due to the critical social security problems,it would cause the associated issues been noticed and discussed sincerely in the public health field in recent years. However, the related researches and papers in Taiwan, especially in Kaohsiung, are rare to explore such homicide cases. As the primary role in the crime scene, it is worth researching and analyzing those cases more detailed for us. From 2001 to 2010, 247 homicide cases happened in Kaohsiung, based on the official sources, were collected in this paper. The associated factors in thoses cases are the main purpose of the study which we try to analyze and figure them out. Therefore, all the data in thoses cases, including gender, age, crime motive, crime method, the date of crime, the trauma, and even whether the offender committed suicide after the crime or not, were the factors we investigated. In this paper, the findings showed that there were 24 homicide cases occurred in Kaohsiung in average each year and most cases were taken place in January. For victims, 167 cases (67.6%) were male and 80 cases (32.4%) were female. The ratio of male to female was 2.08:1. The age of male victims mostly was 41 to 45 years old and female was 36 to 40 years old. For the offenders, 228 (92.3%) were male and 19 (7.7%) were female. The ratio was 12:1. The age distribution of most offenders was 31 to 35 years old in male and in female,too. Among those cases of this study, there were 171 cases in which offenders and victims were acquaintances. The tool used in those cases,sharp tool was most common (110 cases,45%)and blunt tool was the second most (59cases,24%). From the results of this report, we expect the findings could offer more useful information for the further research in forensic scientific field, especially for those in crime scene investigation.