臺灣企業捐贈行為之實證研究

Abstract

近日，聯合國提出永續發展目標（SDGs），且臺灣金管會亦規定符合條件之企業應編撰企業社會責任報告書（簡稱CSR報告書），企業社會責任日益受到臺灣社會大眾關注與重視。本研究聚焦於企業捐贈的議題，欲了解影響臺灣企業進行捐贈的因素，將捐贈原由、推銷費用率和研究發展費用率以及產業是否受到政府規範編寫CSR報告書一併納入分析。 本研究以臺灣2013年至2018年之上市（櫃）公司為研究對象，利用最小平方法之廣義估計式進行實證研究。研究結果顯示捐贈原由—文化與捐贈金額呈現正相關，捐贈原由基於文化相關則捐贈金額較大；研究發展費用率與捐贈金額呈負相關，研究發展費用率愈高則捐贈金額較小。捐贈原由—藝術、推銷費用率以及規範編製CSR報告書之產業與捐贈金額之間為正相關，卻未達顯著水準。 本文之研究結論應有助於了解企業進行捐贈背後的動機，供企業領導者進行決策時作為參考。最後分別從政府以及企業面向提出建議，希望能夠促進企業捐贈乃至於永續發展。

Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) has been getting more attention from the Taiwanese publics in recent years as the United Nations proposed the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), and Financial Supervisory Commission R.O.C.(Taiwan) had also regulated that enterprises meeting certain conditions are required to publish corporate social responsibility reports (CSR reports). This study focuses on the issue of corporate donations, aiming to understand the factors affecting Taiwanese corporate philanthropy by analyzing the reasons for corporate donation, ratio of advertising to total sales, ratio of R&D to total sales and whether the industries are regulated by the government to publish CSR reports. The data used in this empirical study is based on firm-level data from 2013 to 2018 in Taiwan, and the Generalized estimating equations is used to analyze the determinants. The results of this study indicated that among the donation reasons, cultural factors for the donation were positively correlated with the amount of donation, the closer the donation reason is related to cultural factor, the larger the amount of donation is. The ratio of R&D to total sales was negatively correlated with the donation amount, which means the higher the R&D to total sales is, the smaller the amount of donation would be. The art factor of the donation reason, ratio of advertising to total sales, and the industries required to publish CSR reports were all positively correlated with the amount of donations, but not at a significant level. The conclusion of this study contributes to understanding the motivation behind corporate donations and provides business leaders reference while making decisions. Finally, this study makes suggestions regarding government and enterprises perspectives, hoping to promote corporate donations and even sustainable development.