影響國軍土地活化因素之探討

Abstract

政府近十餘年積極地的活化閒置公共設施與土地，要求各部會檢視所屬土地的使用狀況；因此，國軍為維護國防安全、配合地方發展及民生需求，並且依據國軍組織編裝調整後的人員精簡，檢討釋出大量的土地，設施空間。只是國軍釋出這些低效度、閒置的精華土地運用，是否依循著國內民主政治政策、經濟發展需求、建軍戰備作為等等面向而為呢？ 國軍隨國民政府遷台近70餘年後，由於國內民主政治進程的演變，武器性能科技進步、軍事組織簡併、兵役制度調整的因素，配合國家經濟建設政策、地方政府發展需要及民眾對公共設施的需求，針對國軍閒置土地的需求日益增加，迫使國軍在土地釋出與戰備考量，經濟發展、地方繁榮衝突時，要如何獲致最佳雙贏的基礎呢？因此，國軍土地的釋出活化，真能有效帶動國家經濟發展嗎？ 除了擔負國家的安定力量外，國軍對於政府經濟政策方針也高度配合，其中以釋出的土地營產，積極活化再運用的作法，是值得加以探究！基此，可歸納本研究的目的： 一、從蒐集相關文獻中，探討國軍進行土地活化的原因？以及影響土地活化政策的因素？ 二、針對國軍土地活化有哪些模式？如何進行？有何困境？ 國軍近幾年釋出大量的土地、空間以及眷村改建，雖可有效獲得財源的挹注，改善官兵生活的照顧，惟部份精華土地規劃不當，變賣出售，造成國家資源重大損失。基此，近年來政府對於國有土地利用及活化，採多元化的導向，且以不出售為原則，並成立中央層級的土地清理活化小組，進行所屬國有土地的清理與活化作業。以積極的活化政策推動、規劃督導各部門所屬的閒置空間、土地，以文創、園區的方式，租用或委外招商，增加周邊地區經濟活絡，帶動民間商機。

A Study on Factors Influencing Land Revitalization of National Military Lands For nearly ten years, the government has been actively implementing land revitalization for vacant public facilities and lands, requiring governmental authorities to inspect usage conditions of their respective lands. As a result, in order to maintain national security, integrate local development and living needs and in accordance with personnel streamlining after organizational adjustments in the military, the national army has been investigating the large areas of lands and facility spaces released. However, the question lies in whether these vacant lands of low efficiency released for prime uses are capable of meeting various aspects, including democratic policies and economic development demands in the country as well as building and preparation of military forces. Since the national army relocated to Taiwan nearly 70 years ago, due to factors including political changes in national democracy, improvement in performance and technologies of military weaponry, streamlining of the military force, adjustments in military services, while coordinating demands for national economic developmental policies, local governmental development and people’s needs for public facilities in face of the increasing demand for vacant military land, the national army is forced to take into consideration the conflicts between land release and military preparation, economic development and local growth in order to achieve the best win-win situation. Therefore, are military lands released for revitalization capable of truly and effectively driving economic development in the country? In addition to bearing responsibilities for ensuring national security, the national army also cooperates closely with the government’s economic policies, in which how released lands and assets have been actively revitalized is a topic worthy of investigation. On this basis, the purposes of this study are as follows: 1. Through collecting relevant literature and information, this study investigates the reasons for the national army to implement land revitalization, and the factors influencing land revitalization policies. 2. This study examines the approaches taken by the national army in land revitalization, how they are carried out and what are the difficulties. In recent years, the national army has released large amounts of land, spaces and military dependents’ villages for redevelopment. Although there may be an effective inflow of financial resources and care improvement for military lives, inappropriate planning of certain prime lands have ended up being sold or disposed of, resulting in significant loss of national resources. In this regard, the government has adopted various approaches in usage and revitalization of state-owned lands, and on the principle of zero-disposal, dedicated teams for land clearance and disposal have been established on a governmental level to carry out land clearance and revitalization for state-owned lands. Through active promotion of land revitalization policies, planning and supervision are provided for governmental authorities in respect of their vacant spaces and lands. Approaches such as redevelopment into cultural and creative parks, leasing or third-party commissions may thereby lead to improved economic activity in the surrounding areas and creating economic opportunities for the people.