高速公路實施電子收費之政經分析

Abstract

在目前已經實施高速公路電子收費（Electronic Toll Collection，簡稱「ETC」）的國家中，雖然不乏政府與民間合作的案例，但台灣是唯一就ETC本身的建置與營運採用BOT（Build-Operate-Transfer）方式實施的案例。而ETC制度作為高速公路整體收費政策之一環，理應與道路收費歷史沿革有相當程度的聯結性，與實施的決策歷程也有相當的因果關係。本研究即以政經特性的分析角度切入，並以ETC個案的研究作為探討主軸。 本研究由我國國道高速公路的收費政策形成背景展開，嘗試以BOT個案即ETC的實作經驗為主軸，輔以政經分析觀點，期望梳理出其中隱含的政經脈絡；同時，藉由ETC實施過程中所面臨重要履約項目的整理與分析，檢討我國相關促參規範的制訂與執行，並提出建議。

There are many examples of private public partnership in those countries with Electronic Toll Collection (ETC) on their highway systems, but Taiwan has the first example using BOT (Build-Operate-Transfer) approach for ETC alone. As an integral part, ETC should have high degree of correlation to the history and policy making process of highway toll policy in Taiwan. This research focuses on the political economy aspects of ETC in Taiwan. Starting from the background of highway toll policy history in Taiwan, through the actual BOT experiences of ETC, assisted by the political economy analysis, this research hopes to clarify the hidden political economical factors in ETC. In the mean time, by analyzing major contract terms and KPIs’ for ETC, important lessons were learned from for the execution of Private Participation in Infrastructure Projects (PPIP) regulations. Several suggestions are also made in this research to improve the efficiency for the future execution of PPIP.