圖書資訊學領域Open Access期刊分析研究

Abstract

學術期刊是科學傳播最基本且重要的正式傳播管道之一，讓科學家快速交流最新的研究成果與進展，讓知識得以不斷累積和進步。但是當研究文獻爆炸性增加，期刊數量快速成長，期刊的訂閱費用大幅提升，形成期刊危機，對學術資訊的傳播造成阻礙，學者開始提倡Open Access的觀念與出版模式，希望藉由公共的網際網路，讓更多使用者可以免除各種障礙，取得學術資源，以提升學術傳播的效益。 隨著OA的角色和功能越來越受到關注，OA期刊數量大幅增加，更有越來越多的學者以不同的方式對所發表的文獻進行自我典藏，圖書資訊學向來關心學術傳播的發展，如何使文章的影響力最大，而使科學傳播的遲滯最小，是圖資領域重要的研究課題，這與OA的發展理念不謀而合，因此圖資領域的OA發展現況値得關注。本研究藉由書目計量法，分析了解圖書資訊學領域之Open Access發展情形，包括圖書資訊學領域Open Access期刊發行現況、圖書資訊學領域Open Access期刊的能見度、圖書資訊學領域期刊之Open Access政策、圖書資訊學領域Open Access議題主要作者之自我典藏情形及研究影響力。 研究結果顯示：(一) 圖資領域的OA期刊以美國為主要出版地、主要出版語言為英文。(二)約一半的圖資領域OA期刊可於領域內的重要資料庫檢索，收錄情形與該期刊的出版地有關。(三)大部份圖書資訊學領域重要期刊及關心OA議題之期刊均至少允許任一形式的自我典藏。(四)圖書資訊學領域OA議題主要作者之自我典藏情形不等，發表文章為OA者被引用次數較高，但與首次被引用時間關係不大。 本研究建議圖資領域資料庫應加強對OA期刊的關注，而OA期刊也可嘗試因應學術領域資料庫可能的收錄需求，以增加重要資料庫的能見度。此外，圖書館應多發揚OA理念，提供自我典藏的工具及管道，整理各學科重要OA資源並提供檢索平臺。研究者也應多投稿OA期刊，或以自我典藏的方式，獲得OA的效益。

Academic journals are one of the most fundamental channels of official scientific communication because they allow scholars to quickly exchange current research results and ideas. This exchange facilitates the accumulation and advancement of knowledge. However, as the amount of research literature increases, so do the number of academic journals and the fee for periodical subscriptions, thereby obstructing the dissemination of information. As a result, scholars are beginning to promote the concept of “Open Access” (OA), which allows more users to obtain academic resources without barriers, and aims to enhance the effectiveness of scholarly communication through the internet. With the increasing popularity of Open Access, the number of OA journals has expanded substantially, enabling a growing number of scholars to self-archive their published literature. This movement is of great interest to scholars in the field of library and information Science because they traditionally study topics related to the development of scholarly communication. How to create with the greatest research impact and shorten the process of scholarly communication are issues which LIS scholars concern. Therefore, the current OA development in the LIS field is a subject worthy of attention. This study intends to answer questions as follows: What are the characteristics of OA journals in LIS field? Are those journals covered by major databases? What are the OA policies of LIS journals? Who are key authors of OA articles? Do they self-archive their publications? What are their research impacts? This study resulted in four major discoveries. First, OA journals are mainly published in the United States, and primarily in English. Second, only about half the OA journals are covered in major databases, and whether a given journal is included in the databases or not is related to the location of publication. Third, most of the important journals and periodicals concerned with OA allow at least one form of self-archiving. Finally, not all authors of OA-related research self-archive every one of their articles. OA articles were cited more frequently, but there is no obvious relation between OA articles and its first time of being cited. Study results suggest that databases in the field of library and information science would benefit from give more attention to OA journals. In addition, OA journals should respond to the selection criteria of databases so that they can increase the visibility of their journals. Libraries should take efforts to promote the OA philosophy and provide tools for self-archiving, to organize OA resources for different disciplines, and to provide retrieving platforms for OA resources. Researchers should also be encouraged to publish more in OA journals or self-archive their articles in order to obtain the benefits of Open Access.