我國銀行發展老年安養信託之研究

Abstract

我國在長壽與少子化之發展下，人口快速老化，65歲以上人口比率於1993年超過7%成為高齡化(ageing)社會，於2017 年將超過14%，成為高齡(age)社會，2025 年此比率更將超過20%，成為超高齡(super-age)社會。隨家庭結構的改變、扶養負擔的加重與老人經濟安全保障的重視，老人安養已不僅是需求更是權利。 本研究從銀行之觀點，專注於與老人財務安全與生活照顧息息相關之老年安養信託，透由理論與實務之探討，認為銀行既為我國辦理老人財產信託唯一合法之信託業者，自有其使命與責無旁貸的天職予以積極推動與發展。而在金融海嘯後，銀行推展老年安養信託以結合CSR，除能提升企業形象，亦是逆境創造優勢的機會。另結合信託與融資之以房養老三方案，依各方案之優點，使長者能以更豐沛之資金與生活照顧安享晚年。而近來各銀行均重視服務品質，從相對重要性前兩項信賴性與反應性之內涵來檢視老年安養信託，老年安養信託有其顧客需求，銀行提供此服務正是回應顧客與解決顧客問題。從服務利潤鏈言，銀行推動老年安養信託，使員工建立正向與服務的理念，所導引之企業形象提升，及接續之員工留任意願、生產力與員工滿意度、顧客滿意度與顧客忠誠度之提高，將使企業利潤獲得增長。 銀行透由老年安養信託，以建立高齡者尊嚴而有經濟安全保障的生活機制，已受認同與肯定，惟在推展上仍有許多侷限，以致實際辦理案件不多。本研究建議借鏡日本老年安養制度；主管機關之積極推動與宣導；銀行高層之認同與內部之支持；社福團體、專業與公正組織或人士之合作與協助，以實現「老有所養」、「老有所終」。

The population is rapidly ageing in Taiwan under the longevity and low birth rate. In 1993, Taiwan became an ageing society for the proportion of people over 65 over 7%. In 2017 to become an age society and in 2025 a super-ageing society, as the proportion of older people will be more than 14% and 20%. With the changes in family structure, the increasing burden of sociality and the protection on economic security for the elderly, aged people caring is not only a demand for more rights. Through the point view of banks, we focus on the Aged People Caring Trust, which is closely related to financial security and the living with the aged people. Through theory and practice, we recognize that the bank is the only enterprise that can engage in Aged People Caring Trust. After financial crisis, it is a good chance to build a positive corporate image for banks to promote the Aged People Caring Trust. Moreover the combination of trust and the three programs（RM;SL&SC）with each advantages provide the elderly a more abundant living for their rest of life. Recently, banks emphasis on service quality. In this aspect, reliability and responsiveness are the most important. Banks provide Aged People Caring Trust service is actually the reflection of this point. From the view of ‘Service-Profit Chain’, Aged People Caring Trust benefits the elderly, it helps the employees to establish a positive concept and enhance the corporate image. Following, that will raise the employee retention, productivity and employee satisfaction. Under such circumstances , Customer satisfaction and loyalty would makes the corporate profits grow. By way of Aged People Caring Trust, it has been convinced that banks could help the aged people to have a financial protection and dignity on living. But there are still many limitations in the promotion, so few cases had been taken into account. This study suggests through the management of learning about the Aged People Caring system from Japan; the active promotion of the authorities; the recognition and support by the top levels of banks and the assistance of social welfare groups and professional organizations, will achieve the goal of ‘every aged people are all well taken care of ’.