價值工程應用於生鮮廚房能源管理系統之改善研究

Abstract

中央廚房、小吃街、餐廳的進排風是能源大用戶，然而地球的暖化正因為大用戶用電的使用加速暖化情形，當我們節省一度電(kw-hr)就可降低CO2排放量，同時可提昇企業的競爭力，既省錢又環保。 民間企業大型的餐飲連鎖店，為了保持技術上的優勢或統一作業以減少成本，都會統一設立了「生鮮中央廚房」以集中管控食品品質及有效運輸。其中廚房除冷凍冷藏外之通風排氣設備大量使用電力，直接影響營業成本。生鮮廚房之設置可透過價值工程技術理念測試分析，在合適的工程預算內，檢討劃機能及節能、省電、環保等功能來降低營業成本。 本研究以機電專業設計工程師站在業主的立場，針對某一重要的生鮮中央廚房個案為例，作進排風系統之使用探討、風量之測試、現況及施工困難度之調查及應用證實有效可降低營運成本之價值工程技術分析，建議並經業主採用之方案，將抽風機搭配變頻器及加裝管理元件進行性能調節管理。 研究結果發現進排風的使用一般都只對排風注意，未關心到補氣量的充足與否，同時設備型式的合適性都需加強，在系統加設管理設備元件及抽風機加設變頻器就可滿足使用特性達到節能減碳有效的能源管理。本研究案例經實際施工完成後驗證，雖然成本比業主原有構想多了42萬，但每年可節省電費108萬，若以價值工程分析比較效益2.5倍，1年內回收成本，效果良好。

Central kitchen, snack street, and restaurant are high power demand facilities. With high power consumptions, global warming situation could be deteriorated. A kilowatt〈kW-hr〉saving would be equivalent a 0.636 kg CO2 emission reduction. From a corporate point of view, energy saving in these facilities can not only be beneficial to environment protection, but also good for energy cost reduction, and consequently, enhancing the competitiveness of the corporation. In order to maintain technical advantage and reduce operation costs, chain restaurants set up fresh central kitchen to control their food quality and transportation cost. Other than the frozen facility, electric power requirement of ventilation system is high, which can directly affect the operation costs of the kitchen. In this respect, value engineering (VE) technique can be used to analyze the operation of a fresh central kitchen. Under the budget constraint, energy efficiency, energy saving and environment protection issues can be considered in the analysis in order to reduction overall business costs.. A specific fresh central kitchen case is used in this study to demonstrate the procedure of a VE analysis for ventilation improvement project that can effectively reduce the operation cost of the facility. The investigating works involved include ventilation testing, current situation and engineering difficulty assessment. Study results suggest that using power electronics inverter with exhaust fan and additional devices could improve overall performance and enhance energy management flexibility. Past operation practice focused only on the exhaust air volume, and paid little attention to the amount and adequacy of intake air. Appropriateness of the equipment types is another important issue that is yet to be addressed. In order to enhance energy efficiency and reach the goal of flexible energy management for achieving energy saving and carbon reduction, adding supplementary components in energy management system and inverter in the exhaust fan, can both helpful. Based on the VE technique used in this study, study results show that with a 420 thousand NT$ investment, a 1.08 million NT$ saving in the electricity bill is feasible. In this case, the benefit to cost ratio is 2.5 and the investment could be recovered in one year.