製造基地之策略選擇與風險評估： 台灣醫療器材產業海外設廠決策分析

Abstract

在全球供應鏈不斷變動的背景下，台灣醫療器材產業面臨來自國際貿易關係變動的挑戰與機遇。隨著美國對中國製造業實施關稅政策與供應鏈去中國化趨勢，企業必須在降低營運風險與維持市場競爭力之間做出權衡。台灣作為全球醫療器材供應鏈的重要一環，其企業長期依賴兩岸製造基地，包括中國大陸的規模經濟與台灣本地的技術優勢。然而，在國際貿易環境劇變的情境下，企業如何調整其生產與市場策略，以應對可能的供應鏈重組，成為關鍵課題。

本研究以個案研究法探討台灣醫療器材產業在國際貿易摩擦加劇的背景下，對兩岸製造基地優勢與風險的評估，並分析企業如何透過產地多元化、供應鏈調整及市場策略重新布局，以維持競爭優勢。研究將透過深度訪談、產業報告分析與次級資料收集，探討企業在面對關稅、法規變動及地緣政治風險時的決策邏輯，並試圖找出兼顧成本效益與市場開拓的最佳策略組合。

研究結果預期能夠提供台灣醫療器材業者在全球政經變動下的決策參考，協助企業制定靈活的營運策略，以降低供應鏈風險並強化國際市場競爭力。同時，本研究亦可為政策制定者提供實證參考，評估政府如何在產業政策上支持本土企業提升韌性，確保台灣醫材產業在全球供應鏈中的永續發展。

Amid the ongoing shifts in global supply chains, Taiwan’s medical device industry faces both challenges and opportunities arising from changes in U.S.-China trade relations. As the United States imposes tariffs on Chinese manufacturing and promotes supply chain diversification away from China, companies must strike a balance between mitigating operational risks and maintaining market competitiveness. Taiwan plays a crucial role in the global medical device supply chain, with its enterprises historically relying on manufacturing bases in both China and Taiwan—leveraging China’s economies of scale and Taiwan’s technological advantages. However, with the rapidly changing international trade environment, how businesses adjust their production and market strategies to respond to potential supply chain restructuring has become a critical issue.

This study employs a case study approach to explore how Taiwan’s medical device industry evaluates the advantages and risks of cross-strait manufacturing bases in the context of escalating U.S.-China trade tensions. It further analyzes how companies adopt strategies such as production diversification, supply chain adjustments, and market repositioning to maintain their competitive edge. Through in-depth interviews, industry report analyses, and secondary data collection, this research examines the decision-making logic of businesses in response to tariffs, regulatory changes, and geopolitical risks. It also seeks to identify optimal strategic combinations that balance cost efficiency and market expansion.

The findings of this study are expected to provide valuable insights for Taiwan’s medical device companies in navigating global political and economic shifts. By helping businesses develop flexible operational strategies, this research aims to assist in reducing supply chain risks and strengthening international market competitiveness. Additionally, it offers empirical references for policymakers to assess how government policies can support local enterprises in enhancing resilience and ensuring the sustainable development of Taiwan’s medical device industry within the global supply chain.