基於全景影像與虛擬實境的城市住宅街景感知評估

Abstract

本研究聚焦於台北市住宅區周邊街道環境的參數化分析，並探討其與居民感知之間的相互關係，目的在於補足現行都市規劃中對住戶主觀視覺偏好的不足。本研究選取台北市31個地點，結合地理資訊系統 (GIS) 和公共數據，取得包含道路寬度、建物樓層、人行道寬度在內的共計16項都市環境參數，並透過360度全景相機錄製環境影像。作為參數的一部份，本研究也透過DeepLabV3預訓練模型進行影像辨識後，用以計算視域因子。為深入探討這些環境參數與居民感知的關聯性，本研究運用虛擬實境 (VR) 技術進行實驗，邀請共計62位實驗參與者透過李克特量表評估七種感官面向，包括安全性、有趣程度、美觀性、寬敞感、環境活力、居住意願及鄰里生活意願。 研究結果顯示，不同的感官評價指標對應不同街道環境參數。包含，道路寬度和人行道寬度對安全性評價影響顯著，而行人與車輛流量則影響趣味性評估。美觀性方面，GVF是主要指標，顯示綠化程度對城市景觀的重要性。環境活力與行人流量密切相關，而建築高度則影響居住及鄰里生活意願。 研究結果除了突顯街道環境參數對都市規劃的價值，更揭示了各種都市環境參數對不同感受評估的影響，為未來的都市規劃提供新視角與基礎。持續的研究與發展將使都市規劃更加重視居住者的感官偏好，具有相當正面的發展潛力，並促進更宜居的城市空間及生活環境。

This study focuses on the parametric analysis of street environments surrounding residential areas in Taipei City and explores their relationship with residents' perceptions, aiming to address the lack of consideration for subjective visual preferences in current urban planning. A total of 31 locations in Taipei City were selected, and 16 urban environmental parameters, including road width, building height, and sidewalk width, were obtained by integrating Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and public data. Additionally, 360-degree panoramic images were recorded using a panoramic camera. As part of the parameters, this study also utilized the DeepLabV3 pre-trained model for image recognition to calculate the View Factor. To further explore the relationship between these environmental parameters and residents' perceptions, virtual reality (VR) technology was employed in experiments. A total of 62 participants were invited to evaluate seven sensory aspects—safety, interesting, aesthetics, spaciousness, liveliness, willingness to live, and neighborhood living willingness—using a Likert scale. The results reveal that different sensory evaluation indicators correspond to different street environmental parameters. For instance, road width and sidewalk width significantly influence safety evaluations, while pedestrian and vehicular flow impact interesting evaluations. In terms of aesthetics, the Green View Factor (GVF) emerged as a key indicator, highlighting the importance of greenery in urban landscapes. Environmental liveliness was closely related to pedestrian flow, whereas building height influenced both willingness to live and neighborhood living willingness. In addition to emphasizing the value of street environmental parameters for urban planning, the findings reveal the impact of various urban parameters on different sensory evaluations, offering new perspectives and foundations for future urban planning. Continued research and development in this field are expected to enhance the emphasis on residents' sensory preferences in urban planning, fostering more livable urban spaces and environments with significant potential for positive development.