物質主義與損失厭惡對大學生易受騙性影響之研究

Abstract

詐騙在全球範圍發生的愈發頻繁，詐騙案件也在逐年增加。在詐騙案件中，18-27嵗的年輕受害者近半數，是最大受害年齡群。與其他群體相比，大學生不但使用網絡更爲頻繁，而且接觸社會環境相對較爲單純，對於事務判斷缺乏經驗，思考方式更傾向於非理性。因此，大學生群體更容易成為網路詐騙的受害者。除了詐騙訊息的多樣化與迷惑性之外，個體心裡特質對於不同欺詐情境下的反應也是影響易受騙性的主要因素。因此，本研究以網絡詐騙最大的受害者群體（大學生）為研究對象，從大學生個體特質入手，探討物質主義、損失厭惡對大學生易受騙性的影響，探討自我控制在物質主義、損失厭惡與大學生易受騙性之間關係的中介作用，以及情緒智力在物質主義、損失厭惡與大學生易受騙性之間關係的調節作用。本研究採用了《電信網絡詐騙易受騙性量表》、《大學生物質主義價值觀量表》、《大學生自我控制量表》、《情緒智力量表》，制定了《損失厭惡量表》，共回收有效問卷共124份。本研究使用SPSS27.0對數據進行分析。研究結果顯示：（1）大學生物質主義與易受騙性呈正向顯著關係；（2）大學生損失厭惡與易受騙性正向顯著係；（3）自我控制在物質主義、損失厭惡和易受騙性的關係中起到了部分中介作用；（4）情緒智力在物質主義、損失厭惡和易受騙性之間起調節作用，即情緒智力越高，物質主義、損失厭惡對易受騙性的影響降低。最後，在本研究結論中，我們提出了管理意涵及未來研究的建議。

The fraud is more and more frequent worldwide, and the fraud cases are also increasing year by year. In fraud cases, the largest group of victims, aged 18-27, is nearly half of the victims. Compared with other groups, college students use the internet more frequently, expose to social environments more simply, judge affairs with less experience, and think with less rational way. Therefore, college students are more likely to become victims of Internet fraud. In addition to the diversity and confusion of fraudulent information, the individual psychological traits are also the main factors, affecting the vulnerability to fraud in different fraudulent situations. Therefore, in this study, the individual characteristics of college students, who are the largest victim group of online fraud, are studied to investigate the influence of materialism and loss aversion on the college students’ vulnerability to fraud, to investigate the mediating role of self-control in the relationship between materialism, loss aversion, and the college students' vulnerability to fraud, and to investigate the adjustment role of emotional intelligence in the relationship between materialism, loss aversion, and college students' vulnerability to fraud. In this study, "the Telecom-fraud Susceptibility Questionnaire", "College Student Materialist Values Scale", "College Student Self Control Scale", and "Emotional Intelligence Scale" are used, and "Loss Aversion Scale" is proposed. A total of 124 valid questionnaires were collected, and the data is analyzed by SPSS 27.0. The research results show that: (1) There is a significant positive relationship between materialism and college students' vulnerability to fraud; (2) There is a significant positive correlation between loss aversion and college students' vulnerability to fraud; (3) Self control plays a partial mediating role in the relationship between materialism, loss aversion, and college students' vulnerability to fraud. (4) Emotional intelligence adjusts the relationship between materialism, loss aversion, and college students' vulnerability to fraud. That is, the higher the emotional intelligence, the lower the impact of materialism and loss aversion on the college students' vulnerability to fraud. Finally, in the conclusion section, management implications and recommendations for future research are proposed.