邁向自行車友善的台北：整合問卷調查與 GIS 進行道路基礎設施評估

Abstract

本研究透過檢視既有道路基礎建設，評估臺北市的自行車通行友善程度（bikeability）。研究方法結合問卷調查與地理資訊系統（GIS），先分析居民日常騎乘自行車之觀感與行為，再進一步評估現有道路是否符合其通勤與安全舒適之需求。本研究成果不僅驗證臺北都會區具有高度的自行車通行潛力，亦揭示都市設計中自行車動線連結性與服務半徑的限制，作為未來政策管理與發展方向之第一步。 本研究方法架構涵蓋三個層面：（1）透過臺北市自行車友善度網路問卷調查，結合短影音展示不同道路設計，分析民眾騎乘觀感；（2）以地理空間資料分析道路與公共設施維度，並輔以 SQL 語言進行資料查詢與分析；（3）整合自行車基礎設施與輔助元素價值，進行通行友善度地圖繪製。 研究結果顯示，臺北市居民在騎乘安全性上的主要關切為：設有獨立自行車道與騎乘於人行道上相較於與機動車併行之安全舒適性更高。在住宅區範圍內，騎士更偏好禁止汽車通行之路段，並希望設置更多警示標誌以減少低視距轉角與行人發生意外之風險。根據受訪結果，GIS 系統針對基礎建設進行空間分析，聚焦於人行道寬度與自行車道可行性，以及道路功能類型進行分類，以評估既有自行車路網之覆蓋範圍。分析結果顯示，臺北市目前在人行道上設有約194公里之獨立自行車道，尚有103公里具潛力可改造為自行車道，惟仍有約477公里（佔人行道總長度之61%）因空間或設計限制，暫難以直接改造。 本研究進一步將分析成果納入一套連結性地圖繪製架構，並與現有自行車基礎設施空間資料整合，包括公共自行車租借站之分布與土地使用型態，藉此反映出各區吸引目的地之通行性。最終成果為一份描繪臺北市七個核心行政區自行車通行友善程度之地圖。其中，中正區、大同區、大安區、中山區與信義區表現出較高之騎乘舒適程度；而萬華區則為通行友善度最低之區域，松山區則顯示其與周邊區域在自行車通行連結性上較為薄弱。 本研究針對都市管理與設計提供重要建議，推動綠色運輸與永續都市發展，進而朝向淨零排放之目標邁進。本研究結果係綜合社會觀點與地理資料分析所得，顯示未來都市建設中大數據應用之潛力。

This study assesses the bikeability of Taipei city through insight of existing road infrastructure examining. Using both the survey and geographic information system (GIS), it performs the residential ‘s usual perception in cycling, then evaluates the road capacity that is suitable for their routine and safety comfort. The achievement is not only convience the high bikeability in Taipei metropolis but also illustrates the limit of connection and bike service distance in urban design, those is the first step in managing and deciding developing policies in future. The method framework employed three aspects: (1) Taipei bikeability online survey that compares the different road design from cycling visual short videos, (2) road and amenities dimensions analysis by geographic data examining with languages query programming SQL supportation, and (3) bikeability mapping via cycle infrastructure and supporting components values integrating. The findings demonstrate the Taipei residential cycling concerns are individual bike lanes and riding on sidewalks creating more safety comfort than riding next to automatics vehicles. Inside the neighborhood areas, cyclists prefer prohibited car routes and more signs to prevent accidents with walkers in limited visibility conners. From those interview results, geographic system examines infrastructure data focusing on sidewalks width capacity that bike lane creation and road function type analysis to rate the coverage of existing bike routes. These reveal Taipei completed nearly 194km of individual bike lanes on sidewalks and still 103km sidewalks are able to reform for cycling, however there are still 477km sidewalks that cannot reform directly, taking 61% total sidewalks length. The analysis results were incorporated into a connectivity mapping framework and subsequently integrated with spatial data on existing cycling infrastructure, including the distribution of bike-sharing stations and land use patterns representing attractive destinations. The final output is a map illustrating the level of bikeability across seven central districts of Taipei City. Among these, Zhongzheng, Datong, Daan, Zhongshan, and Xinyi districts exhibit a high degree of cycling comfort. Meanwhile, Wanhua district is identified as having the lowest bikeability index, while Songshan District appears to be poorly connected to adjacent districts in terms of cycling accessibility. This bikeability research provided important suggestions for urban management, designing and developing that enhance sustainable mobility toward net-zero emissions exhibition. The analyzing results are conclusions from social perspectives and geographic collect data operating illustrating the big data implementation in next urban projects.