提升日本半導體產業競爭力： JASM與Rapidus的意義、潛力與挑戰

Abstract

None

This paper examines the revitalization of Japan's semiconductor industry by analyzing two newly formed entities: Japan Advanced Semiconductor Manufacturing (JASM) and Rapidus. Once a world leader in semiconductor production, Japan has experienced a significant decline in competitiveness due to structural weaknesses, trade friction, and the rise of global competitors. This study addresses two core research questions: What is the strategic significance of JASM and Rapidus in enhancing Japan's semiconductor competitiveness? And what impact could the emergence of JASM and Rapidus have on the broader industrial ecosystem and national security? Using qualitative methodology, this study incorporates historical analysis, a literature review, and semi-structured interviews with industry experts on an anonymous basis. The main findings are that JASM, a subsidiary of Taiwan's TSMC, rather than cooperating exclusively in Japan in the past, focuses on stable supply to key customers in Japan, while Rapidus aims to commercialize its next-generation 2nm logic semiconductors through international partnerships. The comparative analysis reveals the roles of both companies: JASM contributing to supply chain resiliency, and Rapidus promoting cutting-edge R&D capabilities. Challenges include human resource development, regional infrastructure, and long-term profitability, especially in overcoming technical challenges before mass production for Rapidus. Nevertheless, both companies serve as catalysts for Japan's industrial revival and strategic self-reliance. The paper argues that JASM and Rapidus are not competitors, but rather assets that fill important gaps in the Japanese semiconductor ecosystem. The success of both companies may serve as a blueprint for other countries balancing technological sovereignty and global collaboration.