考量容量限制與電動車及燃油車混合車流之高速公路服務區設施多期佈設最佳化模型

Abstract

充電站選址問題的研究自流量捕捉選址模型以來逐漸成熟。由於大量溫室氣體排放對全球環境造成的嚴峻影響，這種趨勢伴隨著推動電動車普及的需求，使得充電基礎設施的部署更為迫切，因此眾多學者投入並加強了充電站選址問題模型的研究。本研究提出一種多期設施之容量限制的充電站佈設模型並同時考量路網中的電動車與燃油車之車流，旨在最大化所服務的總流量。研究同時提供一個混合整數規劃的數學模型，用於在服務區內透過替換既有設施來部署充電設備，並設計一套演算法，以確定駕駛者在服務區內進行資源或體力恢復的行動序列。案例研究展示了該模型的具體應用，並針對範例問題進行敏感度分析，針對實際案例進行情境分析，以探討不同參數對研究目標及部署策略的影響。

Studies on Charging Station Location Problem (CSLP) have evolved since the flow capturing location model was proposed. Plenty of researchers have fortified the model for CSLP due to the precarious global environment resulted from large emission of green-house gases, which causes a trend to promote electric vehicles and makes the deployment of charging infrastructures more urgent. The present study proposes a capacitated multiperiod optimization model to maximize the total flow of electric and internal combustion engine vehicles served. The model presents a mixed integer programming formulation to deploy chargers by replacing existing facilities in service areas, as well as an algorithm for determining action sequences for drivers to restore resources or stamina in service areas. Case studies are then demonstrating how the presented model works, and sensitivity analyses for the illustrative problem and scenario analyses for a real case problem are conducted to see the influence of parameters to the objective of the study and the deployment strategy.