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  1. NTU Theses and Dissertations Repository
  2. 電機資訊學院
  3. 電信工程學研究所
請用此 Handle URI 來引用此文件: http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/96318
完整後設資料紀錄
DC 欄位值語言
dc.contributor.advisor吳瑞北zh_TW
dc.contributor.advisorRuey-Beei Wuen
dc.contributor.author蔡嘉倫zh_TW
dc.contributor.authorChia-Lun Tsaien
dc.date.accessioned2024-12-24T16:19:43Z-
dc.date.available2024-12-25-
dc.date.copyright2024-12-24-
dc.date.issued2024-
dc.date.submitted2024-11-22-
dc.identifier.citation[1] J. A. Dhapte , "Ultra-wideband (UWB) market research report - Global forecast till 2027," Market Research Future, [online] Available: https:// www.marketresearchfuture.com/reports/ultra-wideband-market-2367.
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[3] S. Colson and H. Hoff, "Ultra-wideband technology for defence applications," 2005 IEEE International Conference on Ultra-Wideband, Zurich, Switzerland, 2005, pp. 615-620
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[5] Apple Inc., "Apple introduces AirTag", Apr. 2021. [Online]. Available: https://www.apple.com/newsroom/2021/04/apple-introduces-airtag/
[6] Q. Tian, K. I. -K. Wang and Z. Salcic, "Human body shadowing effect on UWB-based ranging system for pedestrian tracking," in IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement, vol. 68, no. 10, pp. 4028-4037, Oct. 2019
[7] H. Liu, H. Darabi, P. Banerjee and J. Liu, "Survey of wireless indoor positioning techniques and systems," in IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics, Part C (Applications and Reviews), vol. 37, no. 6, pp. 1067-1080, Nov. 2007
[8] Qorvo Inc, "Ultra-Wideband Technology", [Online]. Available: https://www.qorvo.com/innovation/ultra-wideband/technology
[9] Y. -Y. Chen, S. -P. Huang, T. -W. Wu, W. -T. Tsai, C. -Y. Liou and S. -G. Mao, "UWB system for indoor positioning and tracking with abitrary target orientation, optimal anchor location, and adaptive NLOS mitigation," in IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology, vol. 69, no. 9, pp. 9304-9314, Sept. 2020
[10] S. Feroz and S. Dabous, "UAV-based remote sensing applications for bridge condition assessment,” Remote Sens., vol. 13, no. 1809, 2021.
[11] Ho, M. Hui, S. H. Liao, and C. C. Chiu. "UWB communication characteristics for different distribution of people and various materials of walls." Journal of Applied Science and Engineering, vol. 13, no. 3, pp. 315-326, Sept. 2010
[12] R. M. Rao, A. V. Padaki, B. L. Ng, Y. Yang, M. -S. Kang, and V. Marojevic, "ToA-based localization of far-away targets: equi-DOP surfaces, asymptotic bounds, and dimension adaptation," IEEE Trans. Vehi. Technol., vol. 70, no. 10, pp. 11089-11094, Oct. 2021
[13] Y. Guo, W. Li, G. Yang, Z. Jiao, and J. Yan. "Combining dilution of precision and Kalman filtering for UWB positioning in a narrow space," Remote Sens., vol. 14, no. 5409, 2022
[14] Mazhar, Fazeelat, M. G. Khan and B. Sällberg. "Precise indoor positioning using UWB: A Review of methods, algorithms and implementations." Wireless Personal Communications, vol. 97, no. 3, pp. 4467–4491, Aug. 2017
[15] D. -H. Kim and J. -Y. Pyun, "NLOS identification based UWB and PDR hybrid positioning system," in IEEE Access, vol. 9, pp. 102917-102929, July 2021
[16] I. Guvenc and C. -C. Chong, "A survey on TOA based wireless localization and NLOS mitigation techniques," in IEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials, vol. 11, no. 3, pp. 107-124, Aug. 2009
[17] W. H. FOY, "Position-Location solutions by taylor-series estimation," in IEEE Transactions on Aerospace and Electronic Systems, vol. AES-12, no. 2, pp. 187-194, March 1976
[18] Å. Björck, "Numerical methods for least squares problems." Philadelphia, PA USA, 1996
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[20] B. T. Fang, "Simple solutions for hyperbolic and related position fixes," in IEEE Transactions on Aerospace and Electronic Systems, vol. 26, no. 5, pp. 748-753, Sept. 1990
[21] J. Yang, H. Lee and K. Moessner, "Multilateration localization based on singular value decomposition for 3D indoor positioning," 2016 International Conference on Indoor Positioning and Indoor Navigation (IPIN), Alcala de Henares, Spain, 2016, pp. 1-8
[22] M. Si, Y. Wang, N. Zhou, C. Seow and H. Siljak, "A hybrid indoor altimetry based on barometer and UWB," Sensors, vol. 23, no. 9, 22 Apr. 2023, pp. 4180–4180,
[23] Federal Communications Commission, "First report and order in the matter of revision of part 15 of the commission's rules regarding ultra-wideband transmission systems," ET-Docket 98-153, FCC, 2002. pp. 2-6.
[24] OSDIDARPA, "Assessment of Ultra Wide-Band (UWB) technology," Arlington, VA, Defense Advanced Research Project Agency (DARPA), 1990
[25] R. Zandian, "Ultra-Wideband based indoor localization of mobile nodes in ToA and TDoA configurations." Bielefeld, Universität Bielefeld, 2018
[26] Y. Jiang and V. C. M. Leung, "An asymmetric double sided two-way ranging for crystal offset," 2007 International Symposium on Signals, Systems and Electronics, Montreal, QC, Canada, 2007, pp. 525-528
[27] Raspberry Pi Foundation, "Raspberry Pi 4 Tech Specs" , [Online]. Available: https://www.raspberrypi.com/products/raspberry-pi-4-model-b/specifications/
[28] GIPS Inc, " GT-130 Badge Type Tag", [Online]. Available: https://www.gips.com.tw/en/gt-130/
[29] Y. -E. Chen, H. -H. Liew, J. -C. Chao and R. -B. Wu, "Decimeter-Accuracy positioning for drones using two-stage trilateration in a GPS-Denied environment," in IEEE Internet of Things Journal, vol. 10, no. 9, pp. 8319-8326, 1 May1, 2023
[30] G. Strang and W. C. Press, Introduction to Linear Algebra. Vol. 3. Wellesley, MA: Wellesley-Cambridge Press, 1993. chs. 10-11
[31] H. Hu, X. Yang, R. Liu, L. Liu and H. Hu, "Study on the deployment of Ultra-Wideband positioning base stations in pig farms," Applied Sciences, vol. 14, no. 2, pp. 501, Jan. 2024
[32] L. Mraz, "The dilution of precision of real-time location system: Anchor geometry."Sewio RTLS, 4 June 2019, Available: www.sewio.net/the-dilution-of-precision-anchor-geometry. (Accessed 16 May 2024)
[33] Y. Wang and X. Lin, "The IMU/UWB fusion positioning algorithm based on a particle filter," ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information, vol. 6, no. 8, pp. 235, Aug. 2017
[34] M. Tahsin, S. Sultana, T. Reza and M. Hossam-E-Haider, "Analysis of DOP and its preciseness in GNSS position estimation," 2015 International Conference on Electrical Engineering and Information Communication Technology (ICEEICT), Savar, Bangladesh, 2015, pp. 1-6
[35] Z. Karimi, "Confusion Matrix", [online] Available: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/355096788.
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dc.identifier.urihttp://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/96318-
dc.description.abstract本研究提出了一種改進的超寬頻 (UWB) 定位演算法,用於無人機橋梁巡檢,透過基於奇異值分解 (SVD) 的二階段方法,有效降低由傾斜基站配置所引起的定位誤差。在此改進中,演算法透過判斷基站配置中的條件數(Conditional Number)是否過大來進行優化,以減少傾斜基站配置所造成的影響。在基站放置近斜平面,傾斜角度 10 度的情況下,該改進演算法將均方根誤差 (RMSE) 降低至原始方法的 1/8,顯示出顯著的準確度提升。
此外,在橋下擺放基站也會有非共面的情形發生,因此我們也對非共面的情況進行討論,用以確定在不同場地應如何擺放基站。當基站高度較高時,採用非共面配置可以提升定位精度;然而,在實際應用中,共平面配置通常能提供更高的穩定性,尤其是正方形擺法能實現更佳的定位精度。
在得知共平面配置較佳的情況下,我們提出了一種基於SVD算法來偵測異常值的方法。傳統的精度因子(DoP)方法,每個定位算法所算出的定位座標會不同,因此會有不同DoP值,沒有統一的標準,難以有效找出異常值。而我們提出的方法僅需知道基站座標與量測距離即可,能更準確地檢測出異常值,從而在遮擋環境中實現更準確的異常點檢測和更穩健的性能。
zh_TW
dc.description.abstractThis study presents an improved Ultra-Wideband (UWB) positioning algorithm for Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV) performing bridge inspections. Utilizing a two-stage singular value decomposition (SVD) approach, the algorithm effectively reduces positioning errors caused by tilted anchor configurations. By evaluating the condition number of the anchor configuration during initial placement, the root-mean-squares error (RMSE) is reduced to one-eighth of the original method at nearly 10-degree tilt. Optimal anchor placement strategies were further explored, analyzing both non-coplanar and coplanar arrangements. While non-coplanar configurations can enhance accuracy when anchor heights are large, coplanar layouts generally provide greater stability, and square arrangements provide better positioning accuracy. Finally, the SVD-based outlier detection method is also introduced in coplanar configurations. Unlike traditional dilution of precision (DoP) methods, where different positioning algorithms produce different DoP values, the proposed method requires only anchor coordinates and measured distances, thereby achieving more accurate outlier detection and robust performance in obstructed environments.en
dc.description.provenanceSubmitted by admin ntu (admin@lib.ntu.edu.tw) on 2024-12-24T16:19:43Z
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dc.description.provenanceMade available in DSpace on 2024-12-24T16:19:43Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0en
dc.description.tableofcontents口試委員審定書 i
致謝 ii
摘要 iii
Abstract iv
目次 v
圖次 vii
表次 x
第一章 緒論 1
1.1 研究動機 1
1.2 文獻回顧 5
1.2.1 三邊測量 5
1.2.2 TOA 7
1.2.3 Taylor Series Method 8
1.2.4 文獻討論 11
1.3 重要貢獻 13
1.4 章節內容概述 14
第二章 UWB系統基礎理論 15
2.1 UWB系統特性概述 15
2.1.1 UWB定義 15
2.1.2 UWB訊號 16
2.1.3 UWB穿透性 16
2.2 UWB測距原理 20
2.2.1 單邊雙向測距技術(SS-TWR) 20
第三章 定位系統架構及方法 23
3.1 定位系統架構 23
3.2 UWB誤差校正 27
3.3 基於SVD之二階段定位算法 30
3.4 定位系統架構流程 35
第四章 SVD算法應用一 : 斜平面定位與定位情境討論 37
4.1 定位情境討論 37
4.1.1 問題描述 37
4.1.2 共平面定位情境討論 41
4.1.3 非共平面定位情境討論 48
4.1.4 以萬壽橋基站位置擺放為例 56
4.2 斜平面定位情境 57
4.2.1 實際斜平面定位結果 57
4.2.2 模擬斜平面抬升定位結果 61
4.2.3 實際斜平面抬升定位結果 64
4.3 定位算法應用 : 無人機室內定位 66
4.3.1 實際實驗結果文獻比較 70
第五章 SVD算法應用二 : 異常值偵測 72
5.1 問題描述 72
5.2 PDOP 74
5.3 SVD偵測異常值算法 77
5.4 無人機橋下飛行異常值偵測應用 80
5.4.1 真實遮蔽距離量測 81
5.4.2 無人機橋下樑柱遮蔽環境巡檢 84
第六章 結論及未來展望 92
參考文獻 94
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dc.language.isozh_TW-
dc.title基於奇異值分解與超寬頻技術的定位技術改進與異常值偵測研究zh_TW
dc.titleImproving Localization Techniques and Outlier Detection Based on Singular Value Decomposition and Ultra-Wideband Technologyen
dc.typeThesis-
dc.date.schoolyear113-1-
dc.description.degree碩士-
dc.contributor.oralexamcommittee賴怡吉;張時中;蔡坤諭zh_TW
dc.contributor.oralexamcommitteeI-Chi Lai;Shi-Chung Chang;Kuen-Yu Tsaien
dc.subject.keyword異常值檢測,奇異值分解,超寬頻模組,物聯網,三邊測量,zh_TW
dc.subject.keywordOutlier detection,Singular Value Decomposition,Ultra-wide band module,Internet of Things,Trilateration,en
dc.relation.page97-
dc.identifier.doi10.6342/NTU202404613-
dc.rights.note同意授權(限校園內公開)-
dc.date.accepted2024-11-23-
dc.contributor.author-college電機資訊學院-
dc.contributor.author-dept電信工程學研究所-
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