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| ???org.dspace.app.webui.jsptag.ItemTag.dcfield??? | Value | Language |
|---|---|---|
| dc.contributor.advisor | 蕭旭峰 | zh_TW |
| dc.contributor.advisor | Shiuh-Feng Shiao | en |
| dc.contributor.author | 陳玄樸 | zh_TW |
| dc.contributor.author | Hsuan-Pu Chen | en |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2024-09-24T16:10:21Z | - |
| dc.date.available | 2024-09-25 | - |
| dc.date.copyright | 2024-09-24 | - |
| dc.date.issued | 2024 | - |
| dc.date.submitted | 2024-07-27 | - |
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| dc.identifier.uri | http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/95908 | - |
| dc.description.abstract | 擬瘦姬蜂屬 (Netelia Gray, 1860) 是物種多樣性最高的夜行性外擬寄生性姬蜂。本屬全世界分布，下分為12亞屬且至今已有超過330物種被描述。本屬主要使用雄蟲生殖器作為種級鑑定特徵，卻導致了分類混淆與雌蟲難以鑑定等問題。本屬的亞屬亦尚待利用親緣關係重建來驗證其單系性。本研究聚焦於臺灣產擬瘦姬蜂之非指名亞屬物種，旨在 (1) 利用整合分類學方法 (integrated taxonomic approach) 重新評估本屬之物種界定；(2) 重建本屬屬內分子親緣關係；(3) 對臺灣產非指名亞屬物種進行分類修訂。本研究的整合分類學方法使用了COI序列進行ASAP及bPTP兩種分子物種界定方法及28S基因樹重新評估基於雄蟲生殖器形態所建構的形態種假說。藉由分析超過600隻臺灣及日本產標本共97種形態種、230及118條新定序之COI及28S序列、以及427條自BOLD systems線上資料庫下載的COI序列，臺灣產擬瘦姬蜂屬物種多樣性增加近四倍，從22種增長至84種。分子與形態物種界定的不一致也在擬瘦姬蜂亞屬 (Netelia)、無墊擬瘦姬蜂亞屬 (Prosthodocis)、及超齒擬瘦姬蜂亞屬 (Apatagium) 內被觀察到。利用28S及COI合併序列重建的分子親緣關係更進一步顯示擬瘦姬蜂屬中除了原擬瘦姬蜂亞屬 (Protonetelia)、闊突擬瘦姬蜂亞屬 (Parabates)、巨齒擬瘦姬蜂亞屬 (Monomacrodon)、刻胸擬瘦姬蜂亞屬 (Toxochiloides)、及一新亞屬外，其餘皆非單系群，顯示本屬在未來需進行亞屬的重新分類。本研究在臺灣產非指名亞屬物種的分類學修訂中包含了65物種的描述、重新描述及物種鑑別。其中包含18新紀錄物種及31新種。新種主要皆可以雄蟲生殖器構造和其他已知物種區別。此外，在本研究中藉分子證據首次連結13種的兩性別。本研究之結果有助於臺灣產擬瘦姬蜂屬的生物相研究，並促進對此夜行性寄生蜂的演化歷史的理解。 | zh_TW |
| dc.description.abstract | The cosmopolitan genus Netelia Gray, 1860 represents the most species-rich group of nocturnal ectoparasitoid Darwin wasps, with over 330 described species in 12 subgenera. The morphological species delimitation of this genus relies on its male genitalia. However, it results in taxonomic confusions and difficulties in female identification. The monophyly of its subgenera is also questionable due to a lack of a reliable phylogenetic hypothesis. Therefore, the present study focuses on the genus Netelia in Taiwan, aiming to (1) re-evaluate the species delimitation by using multiline evidence; (2) reconstruct the molecular phylogeny of Netelia; (3) revise the taxonomy of the Taiwanese species of non-nominotypical subgenera. An integrated taxonomic approach using COI-based ASAP and bPTP species delimitation, as well as the monophyly of the 28S gene tree was employed to evaluate the morphospecies hypothesis. By analyzing 97 morphospecies in more than 600 specimens from Taiwan and Japan, 230 and 118 newly acquired COI and 28S sequences respectively, and 427 COI sequences retrieved from the BOLD systems, the result indicates a fourfold increase in species richness of Taiwanese Netelia, from 22 to 84 species. The incongruences between morphology and DNA are also observed in members of subgenera Netelia, Prosthodocis, and Apatagium. Furthermore, molecular phylogeny using the concatenated 28S plus COI dataset fails to resolve most subgenera except Protonetelia, Parabates, Monomacrodon, Toxochiloides, and a new subgenus as monophyletic groups, suggesting the need of future reclassification. A total of 65 species of the non-nominotypical subgenera in Taiwanese Netelia are described. Among them, 18 species are new to Taiwan, and 31 species are new species, diagnosable mainly by their male genitalia. Additionally, both sexes of 13 species are first connected by molecular evidence herein. The results of this study contribute to the faunistic studies of the Netelia genus in Taiwan and offer insights into the evolutionary history of these nocturnal parasitoid wasps. | en |
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| dc.description.tableofcontents | 目次/ CONTENTS
口試委員審定書. i ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ii 中文摘要. iii ABSTRACT iv 目次/ CONTENTS vi 圖次/ INDEX TO FIGURES xi 表次/ INDEX TO TABLES xviii Introduction 1 General information of Darwin wasps 1 Biology and systematics of genus Netelia 2 The Taiwanese fauna of genus Netelia 4 Integrative Taxonomy 5 The aims of present study 6 Materials and methods 8 General workflow 8 Specimen sampling 9 Morphological terminology and examination 10 Morphological description 13 Molecular data collection and analysis 13 Phylogenetic reconstruction 15 Species delimitation 16 Results 18 Summary of the collecting information 18 Molecular dataset 18 Molecular phylogeny 19 Species delimitation 21 Taxonomic framework 23 Discussion 24 Incongruences between different species delimitation results 24 Implications on the systematics of genus Netelia 27 The specialized male genitalia of genus Netelia 28 Taxonomy 30 Genus Netelia Gray, 1860 30 Key to subgenera of the genus Netelia in Taiwan 33 Subgenus Amebachia Uchida, 1928 37 Key to Taiwanese species of the subgenus Amebachia 39 1. Netelia (Amebachia) baibarana (Uchida, 1928) 40 2. Netelia (Amebachia) fulvistigma Konishi, 2010 44 3. Netelia (Amebachia) rasilella Konishi, 2010 48 4. Netelia (Amebachia) vicinalis Konishi, 2010 51 5. Netelia (Amebachia) sp. 1 55 Subgenus Apatagium Enderlein, 1912 59 Key to Taiwanese species of the subgenus Apatagium 61 6. Netelia (Apatagium) coreana (Uchida, 1928) 64 7. Netelia (Apatagium) labi Gauld, 1983 67 8. Netelia (Apatagium) okinawana Konishi, 1996. 71 9. Netelia (Apatagium) longicauda Konishi, 1986 75 10. Netelia (Apatagium) obesis1 79 11. Netelia (Apatagium) obesis2 82 12. Netelia (Apatagium) obesis3 85 13. Netelia (Apatagium) obesis4 88 14. Netelia (Apatagium) inaequalis (Uchida, 1934) 92 15. Netelia (Apatagium) sp. 1 98 16. Netelia (Apatagium) sp. 2 101 17. Netelia (Apatagium) sp. 3 104 18. Netelia (Apatagium) sp. 4 107 Subgenus Bessobates Townes, Townes & Gupta, 1961 112 Key to Taiwanese species of the subgenus Bessobates 116 19. Netelia (Bessobates) frenata Tolkanitz, 1981 116 20. Netelia (Bessobates) longipad Konishi, 2014 125 21. Netelia (Bessobates) kiuhabona (Uchida, 1928) 129 22. Netelia (Bessobates) maculifemorata (Uchida, 1928) 133 23. Netelia (Bessobates) sp. KIU 138 24. Netelia (Bessobates) nigridorsalis Konishi, 2014 141 25. Netelia (Bessobates) nigridorsalis2 145 26. Netelia (Bessobates) comitor Tolkanitz, 1974 149 27. Netelia (Bessobates) yakushimensis Konishi, 2014 153 28. Netelia (Bessobates) sp. 1 156 29. Netelia (Bessobates) sp. 2 160 30. Netelia (Bessobates) sp. 3 163 31. Netelia (Bessobates) sp. 4 166 32. Netelia (Bessobates) sp. 5 169 33. Netelia (Bessobates) sp. 6 172 34. Netelia (Bessobates) sp. 7 176 35. Netelia (Bessobates) sp. 8 179 36. Netelia (Bessobates) sp. 9 182 37. Netelia (Bessobates) sp. 10 185 38. Netelia (Bessobates) sp. 11 188 39. Netelia (Bessobates) sp. 12 191 40. Netelia (Bessobates) sp. 13 195 41. Netelia (Bessobates) sp. 14 198 42. Netelia (Bessobates) sp. 15 201 43. Netelia (Bessobates) sp. 16 205 44. Netelia (Bessobates) sp. 17 209 Subgenus Monomacrodon Cushman, 1934 213 45. Netelia (Monomacrodon) bicolor (Cushman, 1934) 214 Subgenus Parabates Förster, 1869 218 Key to Taiwanese species of the subgenus Parabates 221 46. Netelia (Parabates) fusciapicalis Pham, Chen & Konishi, 2021 222 47. Netelia (Parabates) nigricarpus (Thomson, 1888) 227 Subgenus Paropheltes Cameron, 1907 232 Key to Taiwanese species of the subgenus Paropheltes 234 48. Netelia (Paropheltes) fulginosa Konishi, 1996 236 49. Netelia (Paropheltes) guptai Kaur & Jonathan, 1979 240 50. Netelia (Paropheltes) yui Konishi, 2000 243 51. Netelia (Paropheltes) sp. 1 248 52. Netelia (Paropheltes) sp. 2 252 Subgenus Prosthodocis Enderlein, 1912 256 Key to Taiwanese species of the subgenus Prosthodocis 258 53. Netelia (Prosthodocis) australis Konishi, 1992 260 54. Netelia (Prosthodocis) hikosana Konishi, 1992 265 55. Netelia (Prosthodocis) kodai Konishi, 1992 269 56. Netelia (Prosthodocis) kodai2 273 57. Netelia (Prosthodocis) sp. 1 276 58. Netelia (Prosthodocis) baibarensis (Uchida, 1928) 279 59. Netelia (Prosthodocis) major Konishi, 1991 284 60. Netelia (Prosthodocis) uchidai Kaur & Jonathan, 1979 289 61. Netelia (Prosthodocis) padless1 293 Subgenus Protonetelia Konishi, 1986 298 62. Netelia (Protonetelia) tadauchii Konishi, 2012 300 Subgenus Toxochiloides Tolkanitz, 1974 304 63. Netelia (Toxochiloides) hayashii Konishi, 1996 306 64. Netelia (Toxochiloides) latro (Holmgren, 1868) 309 New Subgenus 309 65. Netelia (subgen. nov.) sp. 316 References 319 圖次/ INDEX TO FIGURES Figure 1. The working flow of integrated taxonomic approach applied in this study. 339 Figure 2. The hillshade map of the collecting sites of newly collected Netelia specimens in Taiwan and its adjacent islands. 340 Figure 3. Abundance and subgeneric composition of Netelia species across different altitude of Taiwan. 341 Figure 4. Measurements of head 342 Figure 5. Wing vein terminologies and measurements of body and wings. 343 Figure 6. Terminologies and measurements of male genitalia and ovarian egg. 344 Figure 7. Maximum likelihood phylogenetic tree of Taiwanese and Japanese Netelia reconstructed using the COI dataset, A. 345 Figure 7. Continued, B. 346 Figure 7. Continued, C. 347 Figure 7. Continued, D. 348 Figure 7. Continued, E. 349 Figure 7. Continued, F. 350 Figure 8. Complete maximum likelihood phylogenetic tree of Taiwanese and Japanese Netelia reconstructed using the 28S dataset. 353 Figure 9. Collapsed maximum likelihood phylogenetic tree of Taiwanese and Japanese Netelia reconstructed using the concatenated 28S+COI dataset. 354 Figure 10. Complete maximum likelihood phylogenetic tree of Taiwanese and Japanese Netelia reconstructed using the concatenated 28S+COI dataset, with notes on the infrageneric groups. 356 Figure 11. Netelia (Amebachia) baibarana (Uchida, 1928), external morphology of the male. 357 Figure 12. Netelia (Amebachia) fulvistigma Konishi, 2010, external morphology of the male. 358 Figure 13. Netelia (Amebachia) rasilella Konishi, 2010, external morphology of the male. 359 Figure 14. Netelia (Amebachia) vicinalis Konishi, 2010, external morphology of the male. 360 Figure 15. Netelia (Amebachia) sp.1, external morphology of the male. 361 Figure 16. Male genitalia of Taiwanese species of the subgenus Amebachia in the genus Netelia. 362 Figure 17. Netelia (Apatagium) coreana (Uchida, 1928), external morphology of the male. 363 Figure 18. Netelia (Apatagium) labi Gauld, 1983, external morphology of the male. 364 Figure 19. Netelia (Apatagium) okinawana Konishi, 1996, external morphology of the male. 365 Figure 20. Netelia (Apatagium) okinawana Konishi, 1996, external morphology of the female. 366 Figure 21. Male genitalia of Taiwanese species of the subgenus Apatagium, tristrigata species group in the genus Netelia. 367 Figure 22. Netelia (Apatagium) longicauda Konishi, 1986, external morphology of the male. 368 Figure 23. Netelia (Apatagium) obesis1, external morphology of the male. 369 Figure 24. Netelia (Apatagium) obesis2, external morphology of the male. 370 Figure 25. Netelia (Apatagium) obesis3, external morphology of the male. 371 Figure 26. Netelia (Apatagium) obesis4, external morphology of the male. 372 Figure 27. Male genitalia of Taiwanese species of the subgenus Apatagium, obesis species group in the genus Netelia. 373 Figure 28. Netelia (Apatagium) inaequalis (Uchida, 1934), external morphology of the male. 374 Figure 29. Netelia (Apatagium) sp. 1, external morphology of the male. 375 Figure 30. Netelia (Apatagium) sp. 2, external morphology of the male. 376 Figure 31. Netelia (Apatagium) sp. 3, external morphology of the male. 377 Figure 32. Netelia (Apatagium) sp. 4, external morphology of the male. 378 Figure 33. Male genitalia of Taiwanese species of the subgenus Apatagium, macrostigma species group in the genus Netelia. 379 Figure 34. Netelia (Bessobates) frenata Tolkanitz, 1981, external morphology of the male. 380 Figure 35. Netelia (Bessobates) longipad Konishi, 2014, external morphology of the male 381 Figure 36. Male genitalia of Taiwanese species of the subgenus Bessobates, species group incertae sedis in the genus Netelia. 382 Figure 37. Netelia (Bessobates) kiuhabona (Uchida, 1928), external morphology of the male. 383 Figure 38. Netelia (Bessobates) maculifemorata (Uchida, 1928), external morphology of the male 384 Figure 39. Netelia (Bessobates) maculifemorata (Uchida, 1928), external morphology of the female. 385 Figure 40. Netelia (Bessobates) sp. KIU, external morphology of the male. 386 Figure 41. Male genitalia of Taiwanese species of the subgenus Bessobates, kiuhabona species group in the genus Netelia. 387 Figure 42. Netelia (Bessobates) nigridorsalis Konishi, 2014, external morphology of the male. 388 Figure 43. Netelia (Bessobates) nigridorsalis2, external morphology of the male. 389 Figure 44. Netelia (Bessobates) comitor Tolkanitz,1974, external morphology of the male 390 Figure 45. Netelia (Bessobates) yakushimensis Konishi, 2014, external morphology of the male. 391 Figure 46. Netelia (Bessobates) sp. 1, external morphology of the male. 392 Figure 47. Netelia (Bessobates) sp. 2, external morphology of the male. 393 Figure 48. Male genitalia of Taiwanese species of the subgenus Bessobates, virgata species group in the genus Netelia. 394 Figure 49. Netelia (Bessobates) sp. 3, external morphology of the male. 395 Figure 50. Netelia (Bessobates) sp. 4, external morphology of the male. 396 Figure 51. Netelia (Bessobates) sp. 5, external morphology of the male 397 Figure 52. Netelia (Bessobates) sp. 6, external morphology of the male 398 Figure 53. Netelia (Bessobates) sp. 7, external morphology of the male. 399 Figure 54. Netelia (Bessobates) sp. 8, external morphology of the male. 400 Figure 55. Male genitalia of Taiwanese species of the subgenus Bessobates, virgata species group in the genus Netelia. 401 Figure 56. Netelia (Bessobates) sp. 9, external morphology of the male. 402 Figure 57. Netelia (Bessobates) sp. 10, external morphology of the male. 403 Figure 58. Netelia (Bessobates) sp. 11, external morphology of the male. 404 Figure 59. Netelia (Bessobates) sp. 12, external morphology of the male. 405 Figure 60. Netelia (Bessobates) sp. 13, external morphology of the male 406 Figure 61. Netelia (Bessobates) sp. 14, external morphology of the male 407 Figure 62. Male genitalia of Taiwanese species of the subgenus Bessobates, virgata species group in the genus Netelia. 408 Figure 63. Netelia (Bessobates) sp. 15, external morphology of the male. 409 Figure 64. Netelia (Bessobates) sp. 16, external morphology of the male. 410 Figure 65. Netelia (Bessobates) sp. 17, external morphology of the male. 411 Figure 66. Male genitalia of Taiwanese species of the subgenus Bessobates, virgata species group in the genus Netelia. 412 Figure 67. Netelia (Monomacrodon) bicolor (Cushman, 1934), external morphology of the male. 413 Figure 68. Male genitalia and ovarian egg of Netelia (Monomacrodon) bicolor (Cushman, 1934). 414 Figure 69. Netelia (Parabates) fusciapicalis Pham, Chen & Konishi, 2021, external morphology of the male. 415 Figure 70. Netelia (Parabates) nigricarpus (Thomson, 1888), external morphology of the male. 416 Figure 71. Male genitalia of Taiwanese species of the subgenus Parabates in the genus Netelia. 417 Figure 72. Netelia (Paropheltes) fulginosa Konishi, 1996, external morphology of the male. 418 Figure 73. Netelia (Paropheltes) guptai Kaur & Jonathan, 1979, external morphology of the male 419 Figure 74. Netelia (Paropheltes) yui Konishi, 2000, external morphology of the male. 420 Figure 75. Netelia (Paropheltes) sp. 1, external morphology of the male. 421 Figure 76. Netelia (Paropheltes) sp. 2, external morphology of the male. 422 Figure 77. Male genitalia of Taiwanese species of the subgenus Paropheltes in the genus Netelia 423 Figure 78. Netelia (Prosthodocis) australis Konishi, 1992, external morphology of the male. 424 Figure 79. Netelia (Prosthodocis) hikosana Konishi, 1992, external morphology of the male. 425 Figure 80. Netelia (Prosthodocis) kodai Konishi, 1992, external morphology of the male. 426 Figure 81. Netelia (Prosthodocis) kodai2, external morphology of the male. 427 Figure 82. Netelia (Prosthodocis) sp. 1, external morphology of the male. 428 Figure 83. Male genitalia of Taiwanese species of the subgenus Prosthodocis with pad in the genus Netelia. 429 Figure 84. Netelia (Prosthodocis) baibarensis (Uchida, 1928), external morphology of the male. 430 Figure 85. Netelia (Prosthodocis) major Konishi, 1991, external morphology of the male 431 Figure 86. Netelia (Prosthodocis) major Konishi, 1991, external morphology of the female. 432 Figure 87. Netelia (Prosthodocis) uchidai (Kaur & Jonathan, 1979), external morphology of the male. 433 Figure 88. Netelia (Prosthodocis) padless1, external morphology of the male. 434 Figure 89. Male genitalia of Taiwanese species of the subgenus Prosthodocis without pad in the genus Netelia. 435 Figure 90. Ovarian eggs of Taiwanese species of the subgenus Prosthodocis in the genus Netelia. 436 Figure 91. Netelia (Protonetelia) tadauchii Konishi, 2012, external morphology of the male. 437 Figure 92. Netelia (Toxochiloides) hayashii Konishi, 1996, external morphology of the male. 438 Figure 93. Netelia (Toxochiloides) latro (Holmgren, 1868), external morphology of the male. 439 Figure 94. Netelia (subgen. nov.) sp., external morphology of the male. 440 Figure 95. Male genitalia of Taiwanese species of the subgenera Protonetelia, Toxochiloides, and new subgenus in the genus Netelia. 441 表次/ INDEX TO TABLES Table 1. Revised checklist of the published Netelia species of Taiwan 442 Table 2. Taxonomic or nomenclatural changes for the Taiwanese Netelia listed in Chiu et al. (1984). 443 Table 3. PCR primers used in this study. PCR conditions of COI was in 35 cycles, and the 28S was in 30 cycles. 444 Table 4. Summary of aligned and trimmed molecular dataset including average length of unaligned sequences, length of aligned sequences, number of variable and parsimony-informative (Pars-Inf) sites, and percentage of GC content 445 Table 5. Mean Pairwise K2P distance of COI sequences of subgenera Apatagium and Amebachia putative species included in this study. 446 Table 6. Mean Pairwise K2P distance of COI sequences of subgenus Bessobates putative species included in this study. 447 Table 6. Continued 1 448 Table 6. Continued 2 449 Table 7. Mean Pairwise K2P distance of COI sequences of subgenus Prosthodocis putative species included in this study. 450 Table 8. Mean Pairwise K2P distance of COI sequences of subgenera Netelia and Toxochiloides putative species included in this study. 451 Table 8. Continued 1 452 Table 8. Continued 2 453 Table 9. Mean Pairwise K2P distance of COI sequences of subgenera Paropheltes, Parabates, Protonetelia, Monomacrodon, and new subgenus putative species included in this study. 454 Table 10. Summarized diagnostic characters of all known subgenera of the genus Netelia. Subgen. nov.: new subgenus. 455 Table 10. Continued 456 Table 11. Measurements, ratios, and meristic counts of the Taiwanese species of subgenus Amebachia in the genus Netelia. 457 Table 11. Continued 458 Table 12. Measurements, ratios, and meristic counts of the Taiwanese species of subgenus Apatagium in the genus Netelia. 459 Table 12. Continued 1 460 Table 12. Continued 2 461 Table 12. Continued 3 462 Table 12. Continued 4 463 Table 12. Continued 5 464 Table 13. Measurements, ratios, and meristic counts of the Taiwanese species of subgenus Bessobates in the genus Netelia. 465 Table 13. Continued 1 466 Table 13. Continued 2 467 Table 13. Continued 3 468 Table 13. Continued 4 469 Table 13. Continued 5 470 Table 13. Continued 6 471 Table 14. Measurements, ratios, and meristic counts of the Taiwanese species of subgenera Monomacrodon, Parabates, Protonetelia, Toxochiloides, and new subgenus in the genus Netelia. 472 Table 14. Continued 473 Table 15. Measurements, ratios, and meristic counts of the Taiwanese species of subgenus Paropheltes in the genus Netelia. 474 Table 15. Continued 475 Table 16. Measurements, ratios, and meristic counts of the Taiwanese species of subgenus Prosthodocis in the genus Netelia. 476 Table 16. Continued 1 477 Table 16. Continued 2 478 Table 16. Continued 3 479 Table 16. Continued 4 480 Table 16. Continued 5 481 Appendix 1 482 Appendix 2 485 | - |
| dc.language.iso | en | - |
| dc.title | 臺灣產擬瘦姬蜂屬(膜翅目：姬蜂科：柄卵姬蜂亞科)系統分類學研究—聚焦於非指名亞屬 | zh_TW |
| dc.title | Systematics of the genus Netelia Gray, 1860 (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae, Tryphoninae) of Taiwan—A focus on the non-nominotypical subgenera | en |
| dc.type | Thesis | - |
| dc.date.schoolyear | 112-2 | - |
| dc.description.degree | 碩士 | - |
| dc.contributor.oralexamcommittee | 葉文斌;陸聲山;鄭明倫;李奇峯 | zh_TW |
| dc.contributor.oralexamcommittee | Wen-Bin Yeh;Sheng-Shan Lu;Ming-Luen Jeng;Chi-Feng Lee | en |
| dc.subject.keyword | 分子親緣關係,物種界定,COI條碼,雄蟲生殖器,整合分類學, | zh_TW |
| dc.subject.keyword | molecular phylogeny,species delimitation,COI barcode,male genitalia,integrative taxonomy, | en |
| dc.relation.page | 485 | - |
| dc.identifier.doi | 10.6342/NTU202402092 | - |
| dc.rights.note | 同意授權(限校園內公開) | - |
| dc.date.accepted | 2024-07-30 | - |
| dc.contributor.author-college | 生物資源暨農學院 | - |
| dc.contributor.author-dept | 昆蟲學系 | - |
| dc.date.embargo-lift | 2027-08-01 | - |
| Appears in Collections: | 昆蟲學系 | |
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