鋁模板系統的自動化配模規劃方法

Abstract

鋁合金模板系統（AFS）於1962年起源於美國，因其多項優勢而廣受歡迎，包括施工周期短、成本效益高以及裝配方便。目前，AFS還可以緩解勞動力短缺並降低碳排放。儘管具有這些優勢，AFS的精確配模規劃仍需大量人力和時間，因此需要進行自動化。然而，目前的研究和商業軟件解決方案大多是半自動化。只有幾個完全自動化的解決方案，並且未與建築信息建模（BIM）技術整合。由於BIM能夠提供更好的模板施工管理和施工順序模擬，本研究提出了一種基於BIM的自動化鋁合金模板系統（AFS）配模規劃方法，適用於包括梁、柱、牆和帶有正交多邊形的樓板在內的常見鋼筋混凝土建築。該基於BIM的方法包括五個步驟：（1）轉角料初始安裝，（2）平面模板配置，（3）問題檢測，（4）改進，以及（5）轉角料配置，以確保規劃結果合理、完美且實用。該方法通過一個面積為3130平方米的真實案例進行驗證，結果顯示相比人工規劃節省了88%的時間，同時保持了類似的標準模板面積比例。總結來說，本論文提供了一種基於BIM的自動化AFS佈局規劃方法，可以在AFS佈局規劃中節省時間並生成合理的規劃結果。

Aluminum formwork systems (AFS), which originated in the United States in 1962, have gained significant popularity due to their numerous advantages, including short construction cycles, cost-effectiveness, and convenient assembly. Currently, AFS also can mitigate labor shortages and lower carbon emissions. Despite these benefits, the precise layout planning of AFS requires substantial manpower and time, so it needs to be automated. However, current research and commercial software solutions are semi-automatic, and fully automated solutions are limited and not integrated with Building Information Modeling (BIM) technologies. Because BIM can provide better formwork construction management and sequence simulation, this study proposes a BIM-based approach for automating layout planning of Aluminum Formwork System (AFS) on common reinforced concrete buildings, including beams, columns, walls, and slabs with an orthogonal polygon. The BIM-based approach comprises five steps: (1) Corner Panel Initial Placement, (2) Flat Panel Generation, (3) Issue Detection, (4) Refinement, and (5) Corner Panel Generation to ensure that the planning results are reasonable, flawless, and practical. The proposed approach is validated through a real case study with a 3130 m² formwork area, demonstrating an 88% time saving compared to manual planning while maintaining a similar percentage of the standard panel area. In conclusion, this thesis provides a BIM-based approach that can automatically generate reasonable AFS layout planning, saving time in AFS layout planning.