感知很重要：感知環境品質對身心健康的作用

Abstract

簡介：關於台灣感知環境品質對健康的作用的研究有限。本研究旨在分析感知的社區環境品質對身心健康的影響。 方法：本研究分析了 2021 年台灣社會變遷調查 (TSCS) 中收集的數據，這是一項橫斷面和調查。資料集中包含標準化心理成分總結（MCS）和身體組成總結（PCS）分數。最終分析納入了 1,423 名受訪者。使用Stata進行統計分析。 結果：對鄰裡水質、噪音品質和鄰裡關係的正面看法與較高的 MCS 分數呈正相關。研究發現，對充足陽光和公共安全的正面看法與較高的 PCS 分數相關。人口因素也在心理和身體健康狀況中發揮作用，包括性別、年齡、教育程度、就業、收入和體力活動水平。 討論：雖然眾所周知，人口因素會影響心理和身體健康質量，但這項研究表明，感知的環境品質也會產生影響。由於對環境品質的看法是健康的保護因素，政府可以尋求改善公共空間，這也可能鼓勵社區內的社會凝聚力。同時分析環境品質客觀測量的進一步研究將為台灣人口的心理和身體健康感知的作用提供更多背景。

Introduction: There has been limited research on the role of perceived environmental quality on health in Taiwan. This study seeks to analyze the impact of perceived neighborhood environmental quality on mental and physical health. Methods: This study analyzes data collected in the 2021 Taiwan Social Change Survey (TSCS), a cross-sectional and longitudinal survey, tracking changes in health behaviors and attitudes. Normalized mental component summary (MCS) and physical component summary (PCS) scores were included in the dataset. 1,423 respondents were included in the final analyses. Stata was used for statistical analysis. Results: Positive perceptions of neighborhood water quality, noise quality, and neighborliness were found to be positively associated with higher MCS scores. Positive perceptions of adequate sunlight and public safety were found to be associated with higher PCS scores. Demographic factors also play a role in mental and physical health status, including sex, age, educational attainment, employment, income, and physical activity levels. Discussion: While demographic aspects are known to influence mental and physical health quality, this study shows perceived environmental quality also has an impact. As perception of environmental quality serves as a protective factor to health, the government can seek to improve public spaces that may also encourage social cohesion within communities. These recommendations are emphasized by the correlation between objective and perceived quality on health outcomes and behaviors. Further research with objective measurements of environmental quality analyzed simultaneously would provide additional context on the role of perception on mental and physical health in the Taiwanese population.