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標題: | 探討植物性飲食之遺傳度以及考慮基因風險程度下其對憂鬱的影響 Investigating the Effects and Genetic Basis of Plant-based Diet on Depression while Considering Genetic Liability |
作者: | 嵇郁婷 Yu-Ting Chi |
指導教授: | 郭柏秀 Po-Hsiu Kuo |
關鍵字: | 植物性飲食,憂鬱,基因風險分數,全基因組關聯性分析,遺傳度,基因關聯性, plant-based diet,depression,genome-wide association analysis,heritability,genetic correlation, |
出版年 : | 2024 |
學位: | 碩士 |
摘要: | 憂鬱症是全球常見的精神疾病,造成憂鬱的危險因子包含環境和遺傳等多種因素共同作用,而調整個人的飲食型態能夠影響憂鬱,植物性飲食為近期備受關注的型態之一,其強調攝取植物性食物,且考慮食品加工程度及其與疾病的關聯。另一方面,研究發現食物也與基因相關,但植物性飲食的遺傳性及其與憂鬱症的潛在關聯尚不清楚。此外,個人內在基因常常會修飾環境因子對疾病的影響,性別以及肥胖與否也是飲食和憂鬱議題常見的干擾因子。本篇研究旨在探討植物性飲食對憂鬱症的影響以及基因風險程度、男女和肥胖是否修飾其影響,並探討植物性飲食之遺傳度及其與憂鬱的基因關聯性。
我們的分析使用英國人體資料庫(UK Biobank),使用24小時飲食回顧來計算三種植物性飲食分數(Plant-based diet indices, PDIs)分別為總體植物性飲食(PDI)、健康植物性飲食(hPDI)與不健康植物性飲食(uPDI),並使用病人健康狀況問卷(Patient Health Questionnaire,PHQ-9)測量受試者的憂鬱程度。研究中計算受試者對憂鬱的基因風險分數(Polygenetic risk score,PRS),並將參與者分為低、中、高基因風險組。本研究發現調整干擾因子並考慮不同基因風險的情況下,總體植物性飲食(PDI)對憂鬱甚至新發的憂鬱有保護作用,而極端不健康的植物性飲食(uPDI)會增加憂鬱的風險。在不同基因風險組別間,其對憂鬱的效果沒有差異。經過分層分析也發現遵從總體植物性飲食(PDI)能夠降低女性和肥胖組患有憂鬱的比例,其中健康的植物性飲食對於肥胖組降低憂鬱風險的效果更佳。另外我們發現ZSWIM6和AHR等與植物性飲食顯著相關的基因,並估計植物性飲食的遺傳度約為 3~5%。在基因關聯性分析中,總體植物性飲食與PHQ分數之間存在負遺傳相關,不健康的植物性飲食與重度憂鬱症之間存在正遺傳相關。 本研究支持植物性飲食在憂鬱症預防及治療上的重要性,並深入探討植物性飲食之遺傳度與相關之基因,為此領域提供新的觀點。後續研究可持續研究基因如何調整飲食型態對情緒的影響,提供未來憂鬱預防及治療之飲食方針參考。 Depression is a common mental health disorder worldwide, and the risk factors of depression are complicated, including contributions from many environmental and heritable factors. Dietary pattern is modifiable and considered plays an important role in depression. Plant-based diet focuses on the consumptions of plant-based products, instead of prohibiting animal-based products, which is more flexible than vegetarian diet. On the other hand, it was found that food items are genetically related, but the heritability of plant-based diet and its underlying association with depression is unknown. Besides, genetic factors might have modification effects; gender and obesity status are also common confounding factors in the relationship of diet and depression. This study aims to explore the effects of plant-based diet on depression, the role of genetic liability in this relationship, the heritability of plant-based diet, and its genetic correlation with depression. Our study participants are from UK Biobank, using 24-hour dietary recall to calculate three plant-based diet indices (PDIs), which are plant-based diet index (PDI), healthful plant-based diet index (hPDI), and unhealthful plant-based diet index (uPDI). We used Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) to define depression. We created polygenic risk score (PRS) of depression to classify participants into low, medium and high genetic risk groups. A protective effect was found in PDI on depression after adjustment of covariates, which even persisted after excluding those with a history of lifetime depression. An extreme consumption of uPDI was positively related to depression. These effects remained the same among different genetic risk groups. In stratified analyses, there was protective effects of PDI on lowering the risk of depression among females and obesity group, while the protective effects of a hPDI quartiles were more pronounced in obesity group. We identified genes such as ZSWIM6 and AHR that were significantly associated with plant-based diet, estimating its heritability around 3~5%. There was a negative genetic correlation between PDI and PHQ score, and a positive genetic correlation between uPDI and major depressive disorder (MDD). Our study supports the importance of plant-based diet in depression, and revealed the relationship among plant-based diet, genetic liability, and depression. |
URI: | http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/91831 |
DOI: | 10.6342/NTU202400577 |
全文授權: | 同意授權(限校園內公開) |
顯示於系所單位: | 流行病學與預防醫學研究所 |
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