以家庭為中心的早期療育服務對發展遲緩兒童家庭之服務成效探討

Abstract

為探討以家庭為中心的早期療育服務對發展遲緩兒童家庭之服務成效，以社會及家庭署補助的社區療育據點服務之發展遲緩兒童家庭為研究對象，研究方法以量化研究之問卷調查，採系統抽樣方式發放問卷，得有效問卷215份，所得資料以統計軟體進行描述性統計、獨立樣本t檢定、ANOVA、Pearson相關分析及階層迴歸分析等統計方法進行分析。本研究結果歸納說明如下： 一、接受不同社區療育服務內容之發展遲緩兒童家庭，在感受以家庭為中心的程度上有顯著差異，發展遲緩兒童家庭有使用「諮詢服務」、「親子團體活動」、「到宅服務」、「家長成長課程」、「社工服務」、「使用教材、玩具、書籍等免費借用」、「免費使用社區療育據點的空間」及「融合示範活動」等服務內容，在感受以家庭為中心程度，顯著高於未使用前揭服務內容之家庭。 二、接受不同社區療育服務內容之家庭，在服務成效上有顯著差異，有「免費使用社區療育據點的空間」在服務成效上得分上顯著高於未免費使用社區療育據點空間之家庭。 三、家庭感受以家庭為中心感受程度與服務成效呈現正相關，感受程度愈高者，其對服務成效的評價越高。 四、在控制兒童特質、家庭特質及發展遲緩兒童家庭使用服務內容等變項後，發展遲緩兒童家庭感受以家庭為中心的程度，與服務成效呈現正相關，以家庭為中心的感受程度愈高，將有更好的服務成效。 最後，依據以上的結論提出建議，提供中央單位、社區療育據點及早期療育服務專業人員參考。

To explore the effectiveness of family-centered early intervention services for families with developmentally delayed children, this study focuses on families receiving services from community-based early intervention centers subsidized by the Social and Family Affairs Adminstration. The research employed a quantitative approach using a questionnaire survey, with questionnaires distributed through systematic sampling. A total of 215 valid questionnaires were collected. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, independent samples t-tests, ANOVA, Pearson correlation analysis, and hierarchical regression analysis using statistical software. The findings of this study can be summarized as follows: 1. Families with developmentally delayed children who receive different community-based early intervention services show significant differences in their perception of family-centeredness. Families using services such as "counseling," "parent-child group activities," "home-based services," "parenting education programs," "social work services," "free borrowing of teaching materials, toys, books, etc.," "free use of community-based early intervention center facilities," and "integrated demonstration activities" perceive a higher degree of family-centeredness compared to families who did not use these services. 2. Families with developmentally delayed children who receive different community-based early intervention services demonstrate significant differences in service effectiveness. Families who utilize the "free use of community-based early intervention center facilities" perceive higher service effectiveness compared to families who do not utilize these facilities. 3. There is a positive correlation between the perception of family-centeredness and service effectiveness among families with developmentally delayed children. Families with a higher perception of family-centeredness also evaluate service effectiveness more positively. 4. After controlling for child characteristics, family characteristics, and the use of specific intervention services by families with developmentally delayed children, a higher perception of family-centeredness is positively correlated with service effectiveness. A stronger sense of family-centeredness leads to better service effectiveness. In conclusion, based on the above findings, recommendations are provided for central authorities, community-based early intervention centers, and professionals in early intervention services.