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標題: | 真菌在去氮上的研究及其在3D生物列印微生物固定化的應用 Nitrogen Removal by Fungi and Their Application in 3D Bioprinting for Microbial Immobilization |
作者: | 楊采儒 Cai-Ru Yang |
指導教授: | 于昌平 Chang-Ping Yu |
關鍵字: | Fusarium,真菌脫硝作用,除氮,微生物固定化,3D 生物列印, Fusarium,fungal denitrification,nitrogen removal,microbial immobilization,3D bioprinting, |
出版年 : | 2023 |
學位: | 碩士 |
摘要: | 氮污染是污水處理中一項重要的議題,嚴重影響了數以萬計的生物。生物處理被認為是高效率、低成本且環境友善的處理方法。然而以懸浮態的微生物操作缺乏長期操作穩定性,且細胞難以回收和再利用。透過微生物固定化,能克服上述懸浮態微生物的缺點,並且具有提供大量生物質、避免細胞沖失,以及對有毒物質具有高抵抗性等的優點。
本研究使用的菌株為廣泛存在自然環境中的真菌 Fusarium sp.(菌株 FF 及 FK)。在有氧條件下,FF 及 FK 分別於第 3 天及第 5 天達到 100.0% 的硝酸鹽去除率。在氮源為亞硝酸鹽或氨氮的實驗中,FF 的去除效率亦較高。氮平衡分析結果顯示,FF 的組別中有 55.1% 的氮被轉換為生物質,39.4% 以氣態形式被去除。 FK 的組別則分別為 64.3% 及 30.5%。在 PCR 測試中,FF 僅有 nirK 被擴增,p450nor 未被擴增;而 FK 則是兩個基因都沒被擴增。然而,由於真菌脫硝基因高度多樣化,目前設計出之引子覆蓋率尚不足,因此仍不能排除 FF 及 FK 具備此兩種基因的可能性。 微生物固定化的部分,以整體去氮效果表現較好的菌株 FF 進行擠出型 3D生物列印,將真菌孢子包埋於材料中,達到固定化的目的。固定化之生物材料雖然初期反應速率較懸浮態真菌慢,但於再利用時顯現出高效的脫硝能力。材料能夠留在反應槽內重複利用多次,並在不同環境中保存數天仍具有脫硝能力。整體而言,將真菌以 3D 生物列印技術固定化是可行且效果良好的。 Nitrogen pollution is a crucial issue in wastewater treatment, severely impacting on a massive number of organisms. Biological treatment is considered to be an efficient, cost-effective, and environmental-friendly treatment process. However, processes applying suspended microbes lack long-term operational stability, cell recovery, and reusability. Overcoming these drawbacks, microbial immobilization offers several advantages, including abundant biomass, prevention of cell washout, and high resistance to toxic substances. In this study, widely distributed fungi Fusarium sp. (strains FF and FK) were employed. Under aerobic conditions, FF and FK achieved 100.0% nitrate removal on day 3 and day 5, respectively. In experiments using nitrite or ammonia as nitrogen sources, FF also demonstrated higher removal efficiency. Nitrogen balance analysis revealed that in the FF group, 55.1% of nitrogen was converted into biomass, while 44.9% was released in gaseous form. The corresponding percentages for the FK group were 64.3% and 35.7%, respectively. In the PCR test, only nirK was amplified in FF, while p450nor was not amplified. As for FK, neither of the two genes was amplified. However, due to the high diversity of fungal denitrification genes and the limited coverage of primers, the possibility of FF and FK containing these genes cannot be ruled out. In the microbial immobilization process, strain FF, which demonstrates superior overall nitrogen removal efficiency, is employed for extrusion-based 3D bioprinting. Fungal spores are entrapped within the material to achieve immobilization. Although the immobilized material initially exhibited a slower removal rate compared to suspended fungi, it demonstrated high denitrification efficiency upon reuse. The material can be retained within the reactor and reused multiple times, as well as maintaining denitrification capabilities even after several days of storage in various environments. On the whole, the immobilization of fungi by 3D bioprinting is feasible and effective. |
URI: | http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/90041 |
DOI: | 10.6342/NTU202303177 |
全文授權: | 同意授權(全球公開) |
顯示於系所單位: | 環境工程學研究所 |
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