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標題: | 洪水災害調適策略之效益與安全性評估 -以屏東縣保力溪為例 Benefit and Safety Assessment of Flood Hazard Adaptation Strategies in Baoli River Basin |
作者: | 戴浚哲 Chun-Che Tai |
指導教授: | 廖國偉 Kuo-Wei Liao |
關鍵字: | 自然解方,水砂溢淹區,二維水理模式分析,生態系服務價值, Nature-based Solution (NbS),Flood Buffer Zone,Two Dimensional Hydraulic Simulation Model,Ecosystem Services Value, |
出版年 : | 2023 |
學位: | 碩士 |
摘要: | 近年來能調適地應對社會挑戰,同時提供人類福祉和生物多樣性效益的自然解方(Nature-based Solutions, NbS)逐漸受到重視,期望達到永續管理和恢復自然的集水區治理目標。然而相較於過去有明確規範的工程治理策略,自然解方需因地制宜,考慮不同流域的環境狀況,因此在治理效果與安全性方面有許多不確定因素,如何在工程治理與自然解方之間進行抉擇是現今環境治理所面臨的重要課題。本研究將利用保力溪作為研究對象,針對流域內易發生溢淹地區進行自然解方與工程治理策略規劃,以HEC-RAS 2D進行洪水模擬,評估兩種治理策略對淹水災害的影響。同時以InVEST分析碳吸存、產水量與水土保持三項生態系服務指標,期望歸納出自然解方與工程治理策略的優劣關係,幫助未來決策者進行更完善的治理規劃。
自然解方策略將利用中上游具有溢淹潛勢且較少人為使用的土地規劃為水砂溢淹區,使其達到減緩洪峰、降低淹水災害的效果,經模擬分析後,自然解方策略能有效減緩10、25、50年重現期之洪水災害,降低下游私有農地淹水面積達79.76%、46.03%、27.90%,且經可靠度分析後,自然解方能大幅降低20年重現期以下之洪水災害。此外,因規劃水砂溢淹區種植混合林,有效提升了碳吸存量22.53%與水土保持量70.16%,換算為效益價值約為37.49萬元與32.55萬元。 工程治理策略預計於中上游有溢淹潛勢的私有土地、道路或橋梁等保全對象周圍建設堤防與護岸等保護措施,能有效避免治理規劃區內發生淹水災害。此外,因將河岸建設為堤防與護岸等保護措施,具有增加河川基流量與保護河岸避免沖刷的效果。故提升了產水量20.30%與水土保持量73.06%,換算成效益價值約為21.02萬元與33.90萬元。 綜合分析來看,自然解方在淹水治理與碳吸存效益方面分別高於工程治理139萬元與161.70萬元,但在產水量與水土保持效益部分略低於工程治理25.61萬元與1.35萬元。同時,自然解方的工程成本估價低於工程治理達19.26萬元,整體評估後自然解方相較工程治理整體可多出約292.79萬元的效益價值,更適合於保力流域內規劃執行。 In recent years, Nature-base Solutions (NbS) are gradually gaining attention. People believed that NbS can be used to solve disaster problems in catchment areas, achieve sustainability and restore natural environment. However, in contrast to conventional engineering solutions, NbS need to consider more environmental conditions, so there are many uncertainties about the effectiveness and safety of NbS. Therefore, how to choose between NbS and conventional engineering solutions is an important issue nowadays. In this study, we chose Baoli stream as the research subject to design the management strategies based on NbS or conventional engineering solutions. HEC-RAS 2D flood simulation was used to evaluate how the two management strategies would affect the flooded area respectively. InVEST model was used to analyze three ecosystem service indicators, including carbon sequestration, water yield and soil conservation. This research is expected to summarize the advantages and disadvantages of NbS and conventional engineering solutions. The NbS is to design the flooded area in the upstream as flood buffer zone. So that it achieves the effect of mitigating flood peaks and reducing flood disasters. After simulation analysis, the NbS can effectively mitigate the flood peaks of 10, 25, and 50-year return period. It reduces the flooded area of downstream by 79.76%, 46.03%, and 27.90%. In addition, by planting forests in the flood buffer zone, the carbon sequestration and soil conservation were increased by 22.53% and 70.16%, respectively. The benefits of these translated to value is about 374.9 thousand NT dollars and 325.5 thousand NT dollars. The conventional engineering solution is to build levees and revetments in the upstream to protect private land, roads, and bridges from the flood. In addition, the riverbank levees and revetments have the effect of increasing the flow of water to irrigation and protecting the riverbank from scouring. As the result, the water yield was increased by 20.3% and the soil conservation was increased by 73.06%. The benefits of these translated to value is about 210.2 thousand NT dollars and 339.0 thousand NT dollars. In conclusion, the NbS strategy is higher than conventional engineering solution in terms of flooding reduction and carbon sequestration benefits by 1.39 million NT dollars and 1.617 million NT dollars respectively, but slightly lower than the engineered solution in terms of water yield and soil conservation benefits by 256.1 thousand NT dollars and 13.5 thousand NT dollars respectively. At the same time, the estimated project cost of NbS is lower than that of conventional engineering solution by 192.6 thousand NT dollars. After the comprehensive assessment, the NbS can generate an additional benefit of value about 2.979 million NT dollars, which is more suitable for the Baoli Basin. |
URI: | http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/88827 |
DOI: | 10.6342/NTU202303171 |
全文授權: | 同意授權(全球公開) |
顯示於系所單位: | 生物環境系統工程學系 |
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