多軸車輛液氣壓懸吊配置方法之探討

Abstract

本研究為探討多軸車輛搭載液氣壓懸吊時可行的配置與其基本運動性質，主要分析液氣壓懸吊對簧上質量之動態表現、懸吊運動行程及輪胎動態負載的影響。本研究首先以MATLAB建立多軸車輛懸吊模型、獨立型與連通型液氣壓懸吊模型，並以彈簧特性曲線及兩軸半車模型對液氣壓懸吊的運動性質進行初步的分析。再利用液氣壓懸吊的可連通性，討論其於三軸與四軸車輛上可能的配置方式，並且結合傳統懸吊與液氣壓懸吊配置出混合懸吊，分析不同的混合配置對車輛懸吊動態性能的影響。最後針對四軸車輛找出較好的液氣壓懸吊配置，模擬其配置在不同車輛重心設定的車輛懸吊動態性能。經由本研究的探討，平行連通液氣壓懸吊具有較佳的俯仰穩定性及較小的懸吊運動行程，交叉連通液氣壓懸吊則具有較佳的垂向穩定性，將兩者混合配置於四軸車輛可得到相對較穩定的車身垂直與俯仰運動。

The purpose of this study is to investigate the feasible configuration and the ride performance of a multi-axle vehicle equipped with a hydro-pneumatic suspension. First, the multi-axle car model and hydro-pneumatic suspension system model are developed by MATLAB. By applying the spring characteristic curve and two-axle car model, the relationship between hydro-pneumatic suspension system and ride performance is preliminary evaluated. In addition, the different types of interconnected hydro-pneumatic suspension configurations are simulated in this study, and the differences between each configuration are also compared. Finally, a hydro-pneumatic suspension configuration was found for the bounce and pitch motion of four-axle vehicle, and the ride performance of the vehicle is simulated for vehicles with different center of gravity position. The study shows that the parallel-interconnected hydro-pneumatic suspension has better pitch stability and smaller suspension working space, while the cross-interconnected hydro-pneumatic suspension has better vertical stability, and the vertical and pitch motion of the vehicle can be relatively stable by mixing the two configurations in a four-axle vehicle.