我國商業銀行數位轉型之探討

Abstract

數位轉型為全球各大企業所關心之一大議題，其中銀行業又是我國推動數位轉型最頻繁、挹注資源最多之產業之一。自2010年以來各大銀行為了迎合消費者的需求變化及跟上科技的快速發展，積極使用新技術並進行組織改革，以作為數位轉型之動能。本研究以內容分析法為基礎架構，分析各銀行在2010~2021年年報中市場分析、營運成果、短中長期規劃與科技改變因應措施等段落中針對數位轉型之相關描述，分析各銀行敘述內容之異同，以了解整體銀行業之轉型趨勢、銀行各轉型階段的差異性，及不同銀行在同時代揭露內容之變化。 本研究結果發現，各銀行數位轉型發展之深度與廣度與年報揭露篇幅具正相關，也和各銀行之資產規模與用戶基數有高度相關，係因具一定資產規模之銀行願意投入數位轉型之資源較多，而有龐大之用戶基數做支撐可以使數據之價值最大化。而在政策制定面，可發現政府法律與政策對銀行數位轉型策略扮演關鍵性之角色，除此之外，雖然各銀行在政策制定上雖然有些許差異，但皆以年輕族群作為策略發展之重心。而綜觀未來人工智慧、大數據等各項技術將會被各大銀行廣泛之使用，各銀行願意投入之資源與人才缺口將持續成長。

For large enterprises worldwide, digital transformation is one of the major issues in recent years. In Taiwan, banking industry promotes digital transformation most frequently and invests the most resources. Since 2010, major banks have actively adopted new technologies and undergone organizational reforms to meet consumer demand changes and keep up with rapid technological developments, serving as the driving force behind digital transformation. Based on the framework of content analysis, this thesis analyze the relevant descriptions of digital transformation in market analysis, operational results, short- to long-term planning, and measures to adapt to technological changes in the annual reports of various banks from 2010 to 2021. This thesis examines the similarities and differences in the narrative content of different banks to understand the overall trends in the banking industry's transformation, the differences in transformation stages among banks, and the changes in the disclosed content of different banks in the same era. The results of this thesis found that the depth and breadth of digital transformation development in banks are positively correlated with the length of disclosure in annual reports. They are also highly correlated with the banks' asset size and user base. This is because banks with a certain asset size are willing to invest more resources in digital transformation, and a large user base can maximize the value of data. In terms of policy formulation, it can be observed that government laws and policies play a crucial role in banks' digital transformation strategies. In addition, although there are slight differences in policy formulation among banks, they all focus on the strategy development for the younger generation. Looking ahead, various technologies such as artificial intelligence and big data will be widely used by major banks, and the resources and talent gaps that banks are willing to invest in will continue to grow.