父母死亡對子女勞動供給的影響

Abstract

本文使用民國96 年至民國101 年各年度皆為19 歲的青少年其勞動所得、勞動供給及教育資料，以雙重差分事件研究法(DID event-study) 來分析對經歷過父親或母親其中一方突然過世的青少年，將其定義為實驗組，並觀察其勞動供給與勞動所得短期與長期的變化，並以雙親皆健在的青少年作為控制組。分析結果發現事件發生後三年內實驗組的勞動供給與勞動所得不會有明顯的增加，但是在事件發生後的四到八年間實驗組的勞動供給率比控制組的勞動供給率低了9.11 個百分點，相當於實驗組第8 年勞動供給率的11.8%；而實驗組在事件發生後第八年其勞動年所得相對於控制組的勞動所得低了新台幣46,367 元，相當於實驗組第8 年勞動所得的16.2%。此結果在不同的的控制變數下保持穩健，這個結果顯示父親或母親死亡的事件確實對青少年未來的勞動供給與勞動所得有負面影響。

This paper uses the labor income, labor supply, and education data of 19-year-old adolescents from 2007 to 2012. We use the difference-in-difference event study (DID event-study) to analyze adolescents who have experienced the sudden death of one of their fathers or mothers, define them as the treatment group, and observe the short-term and long-term changes in their labor supply and labor income. Then use adolescents with both parents alive served as the control group. The results of the analysis show that the labor supply and labor income of the treatment group will not increase significantly within three years after the event. However, the labor supply rate of the treatment group is 9.11 percentage points lower than that of the control group in the four to eight years after the event, which is equivalent to 11.8% of the treatment group’s labor supply rate in the eighth year and the annual labor income of the treatment group in the eighth year after the event is 46,367 NT dollars lower than that of the control group, which is equivalent to the labor income of the treatment group in the eighth year 16.2%. This result remains robust under different control variables. This result shows that the sudden death of a father or mother does have a negative impact on adolescents’ future labor supply and labor income.