練習成家：龜山過溪聚落另類家園的共居實踐與集體意向形塑

Abstract

龜山過溪位於桃園市龜山區虎頭山一隅，聚落生活於淺山豐富生態環境之中，卻同時鄰近城市發展區域。聚落有機生長脈絡源自二戰後台灣的時代變遷背景，當時政府鬆散治理，加上不同時期遷入的移民，使得過溪土地、建物、使用人產權錯綜複雜。2000年曾有四位女性自組家庭在過溪承租並修建自己家屋，與過溪鄰居保持良好的鄰里關係。同時，延伸向外經營類家庭事業，致力於社區培力，並將女性主義、社區營造概念帶至龜山。2020年當過溪住戶面臨漸劇的土地開發迫遷危機時，聚落過去長期累積疊加的女性情誼網絡發揮作用，向外尋求資源呼救，於2021年串聯其他過溪住戶、建物所有人房東，與其他相同永續發展意向者共同集資購地。 透過訪談和參與觀察，亦見不同女性個體在生命歷程中，尋求在傳統核心家庭中的角色、自身知覺與信仰理想之間的平衡、掙扎或突破。龜山聚落自發性展開一連串的行動策略、檢討、討論，包含提報文化資產、老樹盤點、出版紙本社區刊物，滾動式調整後集資購地，以抵抗過溪原將被夷平的未來。目前透過桃園社區營造計畫，進行深化與形塑未來另類家園「藝術生態村」的意向。 另類家庭、另類家園反映社會中現代需求與實踐的一種可能性，在不一定有血緣、姻緣關係的狀態下，仍然有一些人會不厭其煩地付出時間、心力成為「家人」。另一種生活方式的共居想像，之於個人或社會發展，都非常重要。除了看見個體差異的包容，也能展現社會多元樣貌。如同曾經在過溪的幾位女性，有人在此落地生根，有人落定他處，有人仍在飄盪，過溪優美的自然環境是個培養皿，在過溪生活過的人是其酵素，練習成家不斷發酵中。

Guohsi Settlement is located nearby Hutou Mountain in the Guishan district of Taoyuan City. The settlement inhabitants live in an ecologically abundant environment, yet not too distant from the urban development. The morphogenesis of the settlement was embedded in the historical context of a particular era after WW II, and the loose governance and layers of immigrants of that time incurred the ambiguity and complexity of property rights of land and buildings. In 2000, four female self-organized family rented and built their own home in Guohsi and outreached for a tight and affectionate neighborhood kinship. At the same time, they extended further outward to operate family businesses and engage in community empowerment projects, and brought the concepts of feminism and community development to Guishan. In 2020, when the residents of Guohsi confronted the crisis of large-scale development and forced relocation, the female kinship network of the settlement accumulated over a long period of time played a crucial role in seeking resources and calling for external support. Then, they crowdfunded from those who shared the same intentions for sustainable development to purchase land in 2021. Through interviews and participatory observation, I found that different women individuals of Guohsi struggle to balance, negotiate, or break through their traditional roles, self-perceptions, and beliefs within the nuclear family structure throughout their life courses. The Inhabitants of Guohsi Settlement autonomously initiated a series of actions and strategies which include proposing for the safeguarding of local cultural heritage, taking an inventory of old trees, publishing community newsletters, and raising funds to purchase land through rolling adjustments to resist the imminent threat of razing Guohsi. Currently, through the Taoyuan community empowerment project, there is an evolving shared intention among the community members to deepen the discourse and practices and to shape the future alternative homestead of an "Artistic Eco-Village." Alternative families and homes are a possibility that reflects the modern needs and practices in society. Even in the absence of lineage or marital relationships, some people will incessantly endeavor to become what they believe as "family." The alternative way of life and the alternative imagination of coliving are crucial to personal and social development. In addition to accommodating individual differences, it can also showcase social diversity. Some of the women who once lived in Guohsi have rooted there even if some have moved elsewhere and some are still floating. The rich natural environment of Guohsi is an incubator, and those who have lived there are the enzymes that are continuously fermenting, practicing to become a family.