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標題: | 民意代表運用影響力收賄之研究 A study on the use of influence by Representatives to accept bribes |
作者: | Ching-Mei Wang 王青楣 |
指導教授: | 蔡季廷(Chi-Ting Tsai) 蔡季廷(Chi-Ting Tsai | chiting@ntu.edu.tw | ), |
關鍵字: | 民意代表,貪腐,實質影響力,影響力交易,收賄,職務行為,對價關係, representatives,corruption,substantial influence,trading in influence,accept bribes,official conduct,Quid Pro Ouo Relationship, |
出版年 : | 2022 |
學位: | 碩士 |
摘要: | 我國朝向聯合國反貪腐公約國內法化努力過程中,法務部曾於2018年研議增訂刑法第134條之1影響力交易罪草案,針對民意代表對行政公務員請託關說的行為態樣,有助於解決實務對公務員收賄罪職務行為見解不一致情形,由於影響力交易罪與公務員收賄罪構成要件有類似之處,本文嘗試建立適當的區別標準,進而就現行適用公務員收賄罪、引進影響力交易罪等二個途徑,分別探討將來立法修訂方向。 本文分析民意代表收賄判決共計15件(96則),綜合判決脈絡的梳理,並深入訪談民意代表、法官及檢察官,研究發現,法院近年傾向跳脫法定職權框架,將其議會外活動的行為認定為法定職務延伸的密切關聯職務,但民意代表對行政公務員、國營事業或泛公股企業高層人員請託關說的行為,存在明顯的分歧,關鍵在於法院是否將「身分地位」的影響力納入職務範疇。鑑於民意代表職位的存續來自於選舉制度,其力求建立良好的個人身分品牌,以求選舉獲選,選民服務深化人民的日常生活,職位與身分地位環環相扣,濫用身分地位影響力收賄已凸顯貪腐定義的特徵,侵害人民寄託的信任感,有必要發揮法律課責的效果,如果立法怠惰未能修法解決,建議透過大法庭裁判程序統一法律見解,對職務行為取得共識。 此外,研究發現民意代表「販賣補助款建議權」、「對國營事業、泛公股企業請託關說」行為態樣,無法適用影響力交易罪草案的要件,故本文建議未來可考慮修正公務員收賄罪,打破職務行為與違背職務的分界點,解釋上包含身分地位影響力作用,將具體違反職務相關法令或是濫用權力情形,認作為提升處罰的條件,容留法院檢視犯罪情節,在刑度層次上處理的空間,更符合罪責相當性,希冀未來朝向揚棄重刑主義思想,廢止貪污治罪條例的方向邁進,回歸普通刑法瀆職罪之適用。 In the process of our country efforts to legalize the United Nations Convention against corruption, the Ministry of justice discussed the draft of the crime of influence trading added to article 134-1 of the criminal law in 2018. In view of the behavior of public opinion representatives in lobby illegally for help from administrative civil servants, it helps to solve the inconsistency of opinions on the duty behavior of civil servants in accepting bribes in practice. Because the crime of influence trading is similar to the constitutive elements of the crime of civil servants accepting bribes, This paper attempts to establish appropriate standards of distinction, and then discusses the direction of future legislative amendments from the two ways of the current application of the crime of accepting bribes by civil servants and the introduction of the crime of trading influence. This study analyzed a total of 15 bribery judgments by public opinion representatives(96), and conducted in-depth interviews with public opinion representatives, judges and prosecutors, it is found that in recent years, courts tend to jump out of the legal framework of authority and recognize their activities outside the Parliament as closely related posts extended by legal duties. However, the behavior of public opinion representatives asking for help from senior officials of administrative civil servants, state-owned enterprises or pan public share enterprises is not the same, There are obvious differences, and the key lies in whether the court has included the influence of 'status' in its duties. Since the existence of the position of public opinion representative comes from the election system, it strives to establish a good personal identity brand in order to win the election, voter service deepens the people's daily life, position and status are linked, abuse of status and influence to accept bribes has highlighted the characteristics of the definition of corruption and infringed on the trust of the people, it is necessary to give play to the effect of legal accountability. If the legislation is lazy and fails to amend the law, I propose to unify legal opinions through the adjudication process of the Grand Court, so as to reach a consensus on official conduct. In addition, the study found that the behavior patterns of public opinion representatives such as 'selling subsidies and suggestions' and ' lobby illegally from state-owned enterprises and pan public stock enterprises' could not be applied to the elements of the draft crime of influence trading. Therefore, this paper suggests that in the future, the crime of accepting bribes by civil servants can be considered to be amended to break the dividing line between official behavior and breach of duty. The interpretation includes the role of status and influence. It will specifically violate the relevant laws and regulations of duty or abuse of power, As a condition for improving the punishment, the court is allowed to examine the circumstances of the crime and deal with the space at the level of punishment, which is more in line with the equivalence of crime and responsibility. It is hoped that in the future, it will move forward in the direction of sublating the idea of severe punishment, abolishing the regulations on the punishment of corruption, and returning to the application of the crime of dereliction of duty in ordinary criminal law. |
URI: | http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/86318 |
DOI: | 10.6342/NTU202203660 |
全文授權: | 同意授權(全球公開) |
電子全文公開日期: | 2022-10-20 |
顯示於系所單位: | 政治學系 |
文件中的檔案:
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U0001-2009202216464600.pdf | 4.48 MB | Adobe PDF | 檢視/開啟 |
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