利用方向性力回饋的感知設計提升虛擬擊球體驗

Abstract

這篇論文藉由方向性力回饋的感知設計與模型來提升虛擬擊球體驗的體驗。首先，基於高壓空氣裝置，我們為三種受到廣泛歡迎的擊球運動 (乒乓球、羽毛球和網球) 設計對應的非接地式力回饋手持裝置，這些擊球運動於現實中的受力強度涵蓋了極大的範圍 (0-400N)。其次，為突破現今非接地式觸覺力回饋技術輸出力的有限性 (<5N)，我們進行了力回饋的感知實驗，並發現了一項新的感知錯覺，即使用者受到的衝擊力時間越長，感知到的衝擊力值越大，平均倍數為 2.57 倍。最後，通過 72 個獨立受試者與一系列形成性與感知性的使用者體驗研究，我們探索了數種不同的感知設計，其中包括透過衝擊力強度的變化和衝擊力時長的變化，以此來擴大感受到力回饋的動態範圍。我們的使用者體驗評估顯示，相對於基於物理原理設計的力回饋體驗，感知設計可以顯著提高體驗的真實性並獲得使用者的偏好。

We present AirRacket, perceptual modeling and design of ungrounded, directional force feedback for virtual racket sports. Using compressed air propulsion jets to provide directional impact forces, we iteratively designed for three popular sports that span a wide range of force magnitudes: ping-pong, badminton, and tennis. To address the limited force magnitude of ungrounded force feedback technologies, we conducted a perception study which discovered the novel illusion that users perceive larger impact force magnitudes with longer impact duration, by an average factor of 2.57x. Through a series of formative, perceptual, and user experience studies with a combined total of 72 unique participants, we explored several perceptual designs using force magnitude scaling and duration scaling methods to expand the dynamic range of perceived force magnitude. Our user experience evaluation showed that perceptual designs can significantly improve realism and preference vs. physics-based designs for ungrounded force feedback systems.