我國化學品循環經濟推動策略-以中部A廠異丙醇回收循環為例

Abstract

鑒於循環經濟議題已為我國乃至全世界環境永續發展並迫切執行的課題，考量台灣位居世界電子業半導體之龍頭領導地位，且化學品溶劑之使用量相當大，隨著高階製程的日益發展，製程對清潔要求之增加，產出的廢溶劑亦隨之成長，根據我國事業廢棄物申報管理資訊系統統計資料，我國近年廢溶劑申報量從107年53.5萬公噸至110年已提高到131.9萬公噸。若能協助相關電子產業使用之化學品導入資源循環模式，有利推動我國化學品廢溶劑之減量與物質循環最大利用，亦有助產業未來符合國際永續發展、歐洲綠色新政、減碳凈零排放目標及循環經濟工作之推展。 行政院環境保護署（以下簡稱環保署）因應國內蓬勃電子產業發展特性需求，已於「再生資源回收再利用促進委員會」（以下簡稱促委會）下成立「金屬及化學品組」分工推動小組，針對化學品物質循環利用工作，已初步掌握幾個關鍵推動策略，希望能聚焦國內電子產業重要化學品之物質循環，配合化學品循環經濟試辦計畫之推動，促成產業端電子級化學品資源循環再利用。 本研究方法藉由文獻回顧與個案探討的方式，先蒐集世界永續發展目標、綠色化學原則，評析國際間各國推動循環經濟策略等，研析目前國內相關廢溶劑處理與管理情形，掌握電子產業化學品循環關鍵種類，並透過中部A廠異丙醇化學品循環試辦計畫之個案模擬推動，探討電子產業化學品循環所遇障礙、釐清問題，並研析法規調整與行政改善措施，供政府未來工作推動參考。 實習研究結果與結論：面對近年國內電子半導體業產生之廢溶劑量大幅增加，有效的化學品循環推動模式及執行策略，是我國推動循環經濟之重要工作。目前掌握國內化學品循環有效推動之6項關鍵策略，包括確立優先推動化學品循環之產業及種類、前置分流設備投入以增加廢化學品回收價值、建立同產業或跨產業化學品媒合平台、回收與純化技術瓶頸克服、廢棄物管理法規適度調適與最後再製產品之推廣使用等，透過跨部會共同合作，可形成有效化學品循環推動的模式，提升國內電子業化學品物質循環比率，有效進行源頭減量及減少廢棄物產生，提升產業因應國際碳排限制趨勢競爭力。透過個案研析電子業（以中部某A廠為例）異丙醇化學品循環模擬推動成果，以111年達成500公噸電子級異丙醇循環使用量為例計算，預期減廢與減碳之環境效益為：可減少500公噸/年廢棄物量、可減少約290公噸/年原物料使用量及可減少約434,710公斤/年碳足跡。在尚不考量徵收碳稅情形下，預期仍可減少原料購置與廢液處理之經濟效益為：約減少4,350萬/年原料購置費用、約可減少580-1,740萬元/年廢液委託清理費用。

Considering that the issue of circular economy has become an urgent issue for the sustainable development of the environment in the world, and considering that Taiwan is in the leading position in the semiconductor industry of the world electronics industry, the use of chemical solvents is quite large, and with the development of high-end processes, the requirements for cleaning have increased, the use of pure water and solvents has increased, and the waste solvent produced has also grown. According to the statistics of Industrial Waste Declaration Management Information System, the amount of waste solvents declared in Taiwan in recent years is about 540,000(2018) to 1,319,000(2021) metric tons. If we can help the chemicals used in the related electronics industry to recycling model, it will be beneficial for enterprises to reduce the amount of waste chemicals and maximize the utilization of material recycling, and also help the industry to meet the international sustainable development, the European Green New Deal, and the goal of carbon reduction and net zero emissions goal in the future. The Environmental Protection Administration of the Executive Yuan (EPA), in response to the specific needs of the development of the domestic electronics industry, has established the 'Metal and Chemicals Group' under the 'Renewable Resource Recycling Promotion Committee' to promote the recycling of chemical substances. The key issues have been initially grasped, and six major promotion strategies have been developed. We hope to focus on the recycling of important chemicals in the domestic electronics industry, and cooperate with the promotion of the chemical circular economy pilot program to promote electronic-grade chemical resource recycling. This research method, by means of literature review and case study, first collects the world's sustainable development goals, green chemistry principles, and analyzes the strategies of promoting circular economy in various countries in the world. Key types of chemical recycling, and promoted through the case of the pilot project of isopropyl alcohol chemical recycling in Central A Plant, to discuss the obstacles encountered in chemical recycling in the electronics industry, clarify the problems, and analyze future regulatory adjustments and administrative improvement measures for the government. Internship research results and conclusions: Facing the booming development of the domestic electronic semiconductor industry in recent years, in response to the substantial increase in the amount of waste solvents generated in the process, the establishment of an effective chemical recycling promotion model and implementation strategy is an important task to promote the circular economy today. Master 6 key strategies for effective promotion of chemical recycling, including establishing priority industries and types to promote chemical recycling, investing in pre-distribution equipment to increase the value of waste chemical recycling, and establishing same-industry or cross-industry chemical media Platform integration, overcoming bottlenecks in recycling and purification technologies, appropriate adjustment of waste management regulations, and promotion and use of final remanufactured products, and through cross-ministerial cooperation, an effective chemical recycling model can be formed to promote chemical substances in the domestic electronics industry. Improve the recycling ratio of chemical substances in the domestic electronics industry, effectively reduce the amount at the source and reduce the generation of waste, and enhance the international competitiveness of the industry. By analyzing the case of promoting the recycling of isopropanol chemicals in the electronics industry (Take the Central A Plant as an example), based on the amount of 500 metric tons of electronic-grade isopropanol recycled in 2022, the expected waste reduction and carbon reduction benefits are: 500 metric tons/year waste reduction; about 290 metric tons/year of raw material usage and about 434,710 kg/year carbon footprint reduction. In addition, without considering the payment of carbon tax, it is expected that the cost-effectiveness of reducing raw material purchase and waste liquid treatment will be as follows: reduction of raw material purchase cost of 43.5 million per year, and reduction of waste liquid treatment cost of 5.8-17.4 million per year.