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標題: | 呼吸回饋動力淨氣式呼吸防護具性能測試與研發 Performance Testing and Development of Breath Responsive Powered Air-Purifying Respirators |
作者: | Hsing-Yu Yeh 葉星語 |
指導教授: | 陳志傑(Chih-Chieh Chen) |
關鍵字: | 呼吸回饋,動力淨氣式呼吸防護具, breath responsive,powered air-purifying respirators, |
出版年 : | 2022 |
學位: | 碩士 |
摘要: | 近年來由於民眾對於氣膠傳播的概念日漸清晰,以及呼吸道傳染疾病頻傳之下,激發了各界對於呼吸防護具的重視,然而傳統的呼吸防護具因其各自的缺點,而不符合現今的使用需求,有鑑於此,市面上已出現數種較輕、較便宜的呼吸回饋式PAPR (Breath-Responsive PAPR, BR-PAPR),但目前國內尚未建立相關的標準來認證及管理此類產品,因此本研究旨在建立相關產品的性能指標與測試方法,實際評估市售BR-PAPR的性能,並透過實驗結果進一步研發我國第一代BR-PAPR。 在實際使用BR-PAPR時,面罩內的壓力是確保防護效果和舒適度的重要指標,因此可以參照美國(42 CFR part 84 subpart K)和日本產業標準(JIS T 8157: 2018)的作法,以CNS 16021 Z2148的內容為基礎,再加入動態測試方法,以及要求面罩內壓力限值,並註明需在完全密合的佩戴方式下進行測試,才可以獲得最保守的結果。由於BR-PAPR可以降低緊密接合式面罩對於密合度的需求,所以不同過濾效率的濾罐能提供的不同程度的保護性,未來可以考慮重新定義指定防護係數的分類。由於當防護具佩戴不密合且面罩內為負壓時,保護係數會急劇下降,因此建議BR-PAPR須加裝負壓警報裝置,以提醒使用者注意。 BR-PAPR的運作原理主要是依賴各元件之間的相互配合,以達到給的比需要的再多一點的概念,實現維持面罩內些微正壓的理想,但礙於每個元件皆有各自的專業技術,因此本研究以市售材料為基礎,利用回饋程式的設計,作為所有元件的溝通管道,並進一步製作成BR-PAPR原型機。研發製作之BR-PAPR原型機經性能測試後,可使用於分鐘通氣量在45 L/min,大約是60%的工作負荷下,仍能保持面罩內正壓的狀態,另外有設計負壓警示燈,提醒佩戴者注意防護具的使用範圍,未來若送風機和回饋程式有進一步的突破時,將有利於提升BR-PAPR的性能。 The recent outbreaks of COVID-19 pandemics highlighted the importance of aerosol transmission and stirred up a surging demand for respirators. However, traditional respiratory protective equipment does not meet users' needs due to its shortcomings. Recently, several half-face breath-responsive PAPR (BR-PAPR), lightweight and affordable, were commercially available. Therefore, This study aims to set up test systems to evaluate commercial BR-PAPR’s performance and develop performance indicators and test methods. Additionally, a BR-PAPR prototype of the breath-responsive concept is developed. The pressure inside the facepiece is a critical indicator of protection and comfort. According to the Japanese industrial standard and the NIOSH standard, the dynamic test method and requirements for internal pressure evaluation are recommended as a supplement to CNS 16021 Z2148 to evaluate the performance of BR-PAPR. The test needs to be evaluated in a completely sealed to get the most conservative results. Because BR-PAPR can reduce the fit requirement of tight-fitting respirators, the protection mainly varies with the level of the cartridge filter. Relevant units can consider the reclassification of assigned protection factor in the future. When the respirator leaks and the pressure in the mask is negative, the protection factor decreases sharply. Therefore, it is recommended that a negative pressure alarm needs be added to BR-PAPR to remind wearers. In order to maintain the positive pressure in the mask, the operation principle of BR-PAPR is through the cooperation between various components to achieve the concept that the supply air flow rate is a little more than the inspiratory flow rate. Since each component has the expertise, this study is based on commercial materials to develop the BR-PAPR prototype. The developed BR-PAPR in the present study can maintain a positive pressure in the facepiece with minute ventilation of about 45 L/min, about 60% of the workload. In addition, a negative pressure alarm is added to BR-PAPR to notice the use range of respiratory protective equipment. The performance of the developed product can be further improved if the blower and response program technology advances in the future. |
URI: | http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/85036 |
DOI: | 10.6342/NTU202202348 |
全文授權: | 同意授權(限校園內公開) |
電子全文公開日期: | 2024-08-12 |
顯示於系所單位: | 環境與職業健康科學研究所 |
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