數位治理途徑初探-以口罩地圖與好食券地圖為例

Abstract

開放政府在審議式民主的呼聲下，儼然成為全球對於未來政府治理的共同願景。開放政府不僅提供了提升政府效能的理想，更能促進民主的深化，因而受到學界與實務界廣泛的討論與重視。 而實踐開放政府之手段之一即為開放政府資料，本研究以口罩地圖與好食券地圖(下稱兩地圖)於運用開放政府資料加值應用之歷程進行比較分析，探討兩地圖於治理模式上是否有所不同，藉以瞭解我國開放政府資料於民間加值應用與公共政策網絡間之關係。 本研究發現兩地圖在治理網絡之多元行動模式不盡相同，同時發現民間自主解決公共問題之意願不容忽視、開放政府資料之主動性稍嫌不足、新型治理模式之產生以及開放政府資料缺少可課責性等四大面向。 我國開放政府資料與加值應用仍亟需政府與民間共同努力加以推廣並精進，本研究建議藉由質量並重的探討模式以賦予開放資料意義、建立開放政府資料專法以提升課責性以及公私協力之治理模式應制度化，政府應視我國開放資料之發展與加值應用現況，隨之對於開放政策做滾動式修正，以確保其對於開放資料核心精神的掌握與落實。

Open government, driven by the calls for deliberative democracy, has turned out to be a global common vision for future government governance. Open government not only fosters the ideal of government efficiency improvement but also promotes the deepening of democracy, thereby attracting wide discussion and considerable attention from the academic and practical circles. One of the approaches to practice open government is to open government data. By comparatively analyzing the value-added application processes of the mask map and the food coupon map (hereinafter referred to as the two maps) as open government data, this study aims to explore the differences of the two maps in governance model and identify the impact of Taiwan’s open government data on the relationship between nongovernmental value-added applications and public policy networks. This study found that the two maps have different modes of action in terms of governance network and drew four conclusions, including the people showing a strong willingness to independently solve public problems, the government exhibiting slightly insufficient initiative to open data, new governance models emerging at a low speed, and the absence of accountability for government open data. Therefore, joint efforts of the government and the private sector are required to promote government open data and improve their value-added applications. It is suggested that the discussion model with equal emphasis placed on quantity and quality be adopted to give meaning to open data and that a special government open data law be enacted to uplift accountability and institutionalize the public-private collaborative governance model. In addition, the government should make rolling revisions to open data policies based on Taiwan’s open data development and value-added application situations, with the goal of ensuring its control and implementation of the core intention of open data policies.