虛擬實境模擬的高度場景對反應時間和靜態平衡的影響

Abstract

當身處在高處時，受到外界的刺激可能會讓姿勢穩定度下降而影響到平衡，進而增加跌倒或墜落的可能性，故該如何維持平衡避免意外發生是一個重要的議題。在現實環境中評估人身處在高處的姿勢穩定度是一件較困難的事情，但可以利用虛擬實境這項工具。它不僅使用上安全，也可以成功地帶給受試者類似身處在真實世界高處的效果。當人們在高處做事情時，實際上要同時執行任務和保持平衡。 為了解在高處執行任務時的姿勢穩定度，本研究在虛擬實境中設置 0、5 和 12 公尺之高度場景。實驗內容包括站立及站立姿勢下進行視覺類認知任務，期間收集受試者的身體壓力中心參數來評估執行任務時的姿勢穩定度，收集受試者在不同虛擬高度情境下執行視覺反應任務時的反應時間。 結果顯示，受試者在不同虛擬實境高度下，壓力中心參數數值沒有顯著差異。在執行視覺類認知任務時，姿勢穩定度較沒有任務時較好。反應時間在不同虛擬高度間沒有顯著差異。

When people at a height, external stimuli may reduce the postural stability and affect balance, thus increases the possibility of falling, so how to maintain balance and avoid accidents happened at height are important issue. It is difficult to assess postural stability when people in real height environment, but virtual reality is a tool that can be used. Not only is it safe to use, but it can also be used successfully to give subjects a similar effect to being at a real-world height. When people perform tasks at height, they actually perform dual tasks, they need to maintain balance and perform task at the same time. In order to understand postural stability when performing tasks at heights, virtual reality was set up with height scenarios of 0, 5 and 12 meters. During the experiment, the participants' body center of pressure were collected to assess postural stability when they were with and without cognitive task, and the participants' reaction time was collected while performing the cognitive task at different virtual heights. The results showed that COP (center of pressure) parameters were not significantly different among various virtual heights. Postural stability increased during performing cognitive task compared to without the task. Reaction times were not significantly different among various virtual heights.