4T-聚乙烯對苯二甲酸酯纖維/不織布在減白過濾器上的應用與調控

Abstract

許多相關的輸血反應及輸血後的感染疾病已被研究顯示由血液及血品中的白血球所引起。為了降低輸血治療造成的不良反應及疾病感染，去除治療血品中白血球含量是主要的目標；故本研究的目的在於應用與市售商品不同的材料，來開發出可達高效能的紅血球專用之減除白血球過濾器。具有四個T形截面（4T纖維）的聚對苯二甲酸乙二醇酯（PET）纖維，由於細微溝槽的結構特徵已經應用於紡織產品，以提供高吸水性，保暖和彈性性能。在第一部分研究中，不織布（NW）過濾器由1層4T-PET NW （含65％ 4T纖維） 和1, 3或5層聚丙烯不織布（PP NW）（4T-PET NW + PP NW×1，3或5）所組成，用於血液過濾以去除白血球而降低與輸血相關的不良反應。 當PP NW層數增加時，白血球的去除率可以提高。 在5層PP NW（4T-PET NW + PP NW×5）過濾器的表面上放置4T-PET NW可得到更高的紅血球回收率而不喪失去除白血球和血小板的能力。基於理論分析，通過將四個4T-PET NW + PP NW×5單位堆疊在一起而進一步製備白血球過濾器。當以4個單位的4T-PET NW + PP×5 NW串聯組合放置時，用於過濾110mL紅血球濃厚液（RBCs）的過濾器可得到最佳過濾結果。然而，在第二部分研究中，一個減白過濾器必須具備能夠過濾1或2個單位(250 或 500 mL)血液量，同時維持高效能的能力。由於在T形結構之間具有細微溝槽的特殊4T形纖維，位於PP NW表面上的多層4T-PET NW可破壞濾餅結構以降低過濾阻力，並限制血液中的凝集物干擾血流通過 PP NW。因此，位於PP NW上的多層4T-PET NW具有調節110 mL至500 mL RBC的過濾體積的能力，並且還具有保持過濾器高效率的能力。 當具有多層4T-PET NW的多層PP NW以串聯組合放置的過濾器時，用於過濾250或500mL 紅血球濃厚液（RBCs）可得到最佳的過濾結果。最後，該過濾器符合美國血庫學會 ( AABB )指南，可去除99.98％的白血球，並且回收90％以上的紅血球，而血液損失率不超過8.05％。

Many literatures have proven that transfusion reactions and infections after transfusions are caused by leukocytes in blood and blood components. In order to decrease above side effects, leukoreduction of blood products is the most important aspect. In this study, the researcher used different materials from commercial filters to develop a new, highly efficient leukodepletion filter for red blood cell concentrates. Polyethylene terephthalate (PET) fiber with four T-lobe cross section (4T-fiber) has been applied to textile products due to the structural characteristic of micro-grooved channels to provide the high wicking, warming, and elastic properties. In the first part of study, nonwoven (NW) filters composed of 1 layer of 4T-PET NW (containing 65% 4T-fibers) with 1, 3 or 5 layers of propylene (PP) NW (4T-PET NW+ PP NW×1, 3 or 5) were proposed for blood filtration to remove leukocytes to reduce blood transfusion-related adverse reactions. The removal rate of leukocytes could be enhanced when the PP NW layers were increased. The presence of the 4T-PET NW on the surface of 5 layers of PP NW (4T-PET NW+ PP NW×5) filters could result in a higher erythrocyte recovery rate without losing the capability to remove leukocytes and platelets. Based on theoretical analysis, leukodepletion filters were further prepared by stacking four 4T-PET NW + PP NW×5 units together. The optimum filtration results of the filters for filtrating 110 mL of red blood cell concentrates (RBCs) could be prepared when four units of 4T-PET NW + PP×5 NW were placed in a series combination. In the second part of study, a leukodepletion filter needs to have the capability for filtering one or two units (250 or 500 mL) of blood and maintain high efficiency, simultaneously. Due to the special 4T-shaped fibers with micro-scale grooves between the T-shaped structures, multilayered 4T-PET NWs on the PP NW surface could destroy the cake structure to reduce filtration resistance, and restrict the aggregation of blood components to interfere blood flow through PP NW. Therefore, the multilayered 4T-PET NWs located on PP NW have the capability to regulate the filtration volume from 110 mL to 500 mL RBCs, and also have the ability to maintain high efficiency of filter. The optimum filtration results of the filters for filtrating 250 or 500 mL of red blood cell concentrates (RBCs) could be prepared when the multilayered 4T-PET NW with the multilayered PP NW were placed in a series combination. Finally, the filter can fit the guideline of the AABB to remove 99.98 % of leukocytes and recover over 90 % of erythrocyte, without blood loss rate more than 8.05 %.